Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics at Testing by Diabetes Type
| Overall | White | Hispanic | Black | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1D N=215a |
T2D N=326a |
T1D N = 123 |
T2D N=24 |
T1D N=62 |
T2D N=191 |
T1D N=16 |
T2D N=87 |
|
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 14.5 ± 2.7 | 16.1 ± 2.5 | 14.5 ± 2.6 | 16.5 ± 2.3 | 14.4 ± 2.8 | 16.1 ± 2.5 | 15.4 ± 3.0 | 16.2 ± 2.5 |
| Female | 99 (46%) | 206 (63%) | 47 (38%) | 15 (63%) | 31 (50%) | 116 (61%) | 12 (75%) | 61 (70%) |
| BMI (%)b | ||||||||
| Median (quartiles) | 75% (52%, 92%) | 99% (96%, 99%) | 70% (30%, 85%) | 99% (97%, 99%) | 84% (61%, 96%) | 98% (96%, 99%) | 96% (77%, 99%) | 99% (97%, 100%) |
| Diabetes Duration (years) | ||||||||
| Median (quartiles) | 3.2 (2.7, 3.7) | 2.5 (0.8, 4.7) | 3.2 (2.7, 3.7) | 3.1 (1.2, 4.6) | 3.2 (2.7, 3.7) | 2.4 (0.8, 4.6) | 3.2 (2.7, 3.7) | 2.4 (1.0, 5.4) |
| HbA1c (% [mmol/mol]) | ||||||||
| Mean ± SD | 8.5 ± 2.1 (69 ± 23) |
8.1 ± 2.6 (65 ± 28) |
8.3 ± 2.0 (67 ± 22) |
7.0 ± 1.6 (53 ± 17) |
8.5 ± 1.9 (69 ± 20) |
8.3 ± 2.7 (67 ± 29) |
8.6 ±2.6 (71 ± 28) |
8.3 ± 2.7 (67 ± 30) |
| Health Insurance | ||||||||
| Private | 115 (55%) | 86 (26%) | 89 (75%) | 12 (50%) | 13 (21%) | 30 (16%) | 7 (44%) | 30 (34%) |
| Parent Education | ||||||||
| High School or less | 77 (44%) | 222 (73%) | 22 (23%) | 14 (58%) | 45 (78%) | 148 (83%) | 9 (75%) | 50 (63 %) |
| Family Income | ||||||||
| <$25,000 | 31 (22%) | 99 (45%) | 6 (8%) | 6 (30%) | 20 (39%) | 68 (53%) | 3 (30%) | 21 (39%) |
| Site | ||||||||
| Los Angeles, CA | 59 (27%) | 83 (25%) | 9 (7%) | 1 (4%) | 38 (61%) | 75 (39%) | 8 (50%) | 3 (3%) |
| Houston, TX | 1 (<1%) | 35 (11%) | 0 | 1 (4%) | 0 | 24 (13%) | 1 (6%) | 10 (11%) |
| Stanford, CA | 25 (12%) | 26 (8%) | 13 (11%) | 0 | 9 (15%) | 21 (11%) | 0 | 1 (1%) |
| Denver, CO | 81 (38%) | 69 (21%) | 59 (48%) | 6 (25%) | 13 (21%) | 46 (24%) | 3 (19%) | 14 (16%) |
| Gainesville, FL | 20 (9%) | 16 (5%) | 18 (15%) | 6 (25%) | 0 | 2 (1%) | 1 (6%) | 7 (8%) |
| New Haven, CT | 24 (11%) | 58 (18%) | 19 (15%) | 7 (29%) | 2 (3%) | 20 (10%) | 3 (19%) | 26 (30%) |
| Ann Arbor, MI | 5 (2%) | 1 (<1%) | 5 (4%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Philadelphia, PA | 0 | 38 (12%) | 0 | 3 (13%) | 0 | 3 (2%) | 0 | 26 (30%) |
| Season | ||||||||
| Winter | 38 (18%) | 66 (20%) | 16 (13%) | 3 (13%) | 15 (24%) | 37 (19%) | 3 (19%) | 23 (26%) |
| Spring | 56 (26%) | 73 (22%) | 36 (29%) | 4 (17%) | 13 (21%) | 41 (21%) | 3 (19%) | 21 (24%) |
| Summer | 55 (26%) | 92 (28%) | 33 (27%) | 12 (50%) | 13 (21%) | 49 (26%) | 8 (50%) | 22 (25%) |
| Fall | 66 (31%) | 95 (29%) | 38 (31%) | 5 (21%) | 21 (34%) | 64 (34%) | 2 (13%) | 21 (24%) |
a
. Number of participants with missing or unknown data by type (T1D/T2D): race/ethnicity (4/2), health insurance (5/0), parent education (39/21), family income (71/107), BMI% (121/29) and HbA1c (73/41).