Table I.

Clinical and demographic properties of the patients

Characteristics	Group 1 with atrial fibrillation (n = 294)	Group 2 without atrial fibrillation (n = 844)	P-value
Age	60.5 ±7.8 (median: 62, range: 32–75)	60.0 ±8.4 (median: 60, range: 36–75)	0.21**
Male	227 (25.1%)	678 (74.9%)	0.25*
Female	67 (28.8%)	166 (71.2%)	0.25*
Hypertension	171 (58.2%)	515 (61.0%)	0.39*
Diabetes mellitus	95 (32.3%)	316 (37.4%)	0.12*
Smoking	117 (39.8%)	340 (40.3%)	0.88*
Hyperlipidemia	154 (52.4%)	444 (52.6%)	0.95*
Preoperative heart rate [bpm]	66.3 ±6.0 (median: 66.5, range: 54–85)	66.2 ±7.8 (median: 65, range: 52–89)	0.41**
Left ventricle ejection fraction (%)	55.1 ±8.5 (median: 55, range: 34–72)	55.9 ±8.8 (median: 56, range: 30–72)	0.17**
Left atrium diameter [cm]	3.76 ±0.17 (median: 3.77, range: 3.32–4.33)	3.75 ±0.19 (median: 3.76, range: 3.37–4.27)	0.33**

^*Pearson χ² test or Fisher's exact test

^**Mann-Whitney U test.