Table 7. Positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values of CNT RCIs profiles by time (%).
24 hr | Day 8 | Day 15 | ||||
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|
|
|
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PPV | NPV | PPV | NPV | PPV | NPV | |
ANAM | ||||||
1+ decline | 90.0 | 11.1 | 43.8 | 68.4 | 23.0 | 89.5 |
2+ decline | 100.0 | 14.9 | 12.6 | 37.9 | 7.9 | 75.6 |
Axon | ||||||
1+ decline | 91.8 | 14.9 | 44.4 | 70.3 | 24.1 | 88.6 |
2+ decline | 100.0 | 16.9 | 18.0 | 31.7 | 21.3 | 85.8 |
ImPACT | ||||||
1+ decline | 91.7 | 15.6 | 50.7 | 80.9 | 20.1 | 90.3 |
2+ decline | 95.4 | 13.9 | 16.3 | 53.0 | 39.1 | 88.7 |
Base rate of impairment | 89.4 | 35.4 | 14.8 |
Note. Base rate = percentage of concussed athletes reporting being symptomatic at each assessment point. Given the outcome of interest involved predicting who from the concussed group was impaired from a symptom standpoint, sensitivities and specificity values were extracted from the symptomatic and symptom-free concussed athletes, respectively (which did not allow for computation at day 45 given the small sample of symptomatic subjects at this time point). 1+ (and 2+) decline reflects profiles with 1 or more (and 2 or more) RCIs demonstrated significantly worse performance as compared to an athletes' pre-injury baseline.