Table 2.

Relative changes in metabolic parameters, amino acids and compliance markers after the dietary interventions with their corresponding p-value of intragroup differences.

	Intervention	Restricted Diet (% Change)	DER-Diet (% Change)	Control (% Change)	p-Value Restricted- DER	p-Value Restricted- Control	p-Value DER- Control
Parameter
Metabolic
Albumin (g/L)		−9	+7.2	−1.9	0.006	0.212	0.003
Urea (mmol/L)		−37.5	+13.8	−2.6	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.067
Creatinine (mmol/L)		+15.1	12.2	−2.0	0.51	0.009	0.03
Glucose (mmol/L)		−1.8	−0.6	+6.2	0.76	0.10	0.20
Ferritin		+17.5	+21.2	+20.2	0.73	0.89	0.95
Insulin (pmol/L)		+27.2	+13.7	+52.2	0.70	0.68	0.34
Amino Acids
Alanine (mmol/L)		−3.6	+3.1	−5.8	0.37	0.74	0.20
Glutamine (mmol/L)		+2.1	+0.1	+2.9	0.72	0.90	0.51
Glycine (mmol/L)		+7.8	+3.3	+5.0	0.37	0.61	0.73
Histidine (mmol/L)		−11.0	−8.6	−0.2	0.72	0.15	0.12
Isoleucine (mmol/L)		−12.8	−2.7	+11.0	0.15	0.03	0.15
Leucine (mmol/L)		−11.1	+2.1	+8.0	0.01	0.01	0.37
Phenylalanine (mmol/L)		−4.9	+5.3	+6.4	0.06	0.03	0.81
Tyrosine (mmol/L)		−10.0	+5.0	0.6	0.09	0.19	0.56
Valine (mmol/L)		−17.9	+0.7	+11.6	0.002	0.003	0.22
BCAA * (mmol/L)		−16.4	−1.3%	+8.8%	0.004	0.004	0.22
Miscellaneous
Prealbumin (mg/L)		−17.2	+1.0	−1.2	0.002	0.0001	0.77
Retinol Binding Protein (mg/L)		−20.5	+5.6	−0.9	0.0002	0.0001	0.26

Relative changes in metabolic parameters, amino acids and compliance markers after the dietary interventions with their corresponding p-value of intragroup differences. Values are depicted as mean ± standard error of the mean. Significant p-values are depicted in Italics. Significant p-values after the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing are depicted in bold and Italics. * BCAA = branched chain amino acids; cumulative sum of isoleucine, leucine and valine.