Table 4.

Gene ontology (GO) enrichment of statistically significant (FDR < 0.15) GO terms for the Rwandan ecotypes

Population	GO ID	Gene ontology term	Genes under GO term	Related environmental stressor(s)	Reference
Rwandan Ecotypes	GO:0004697	Protein kinase C activity	PRKCA, PRKD1	Oxidative stress	UniProt [67], Jenuth 2000 [69, 77]
	GO:0046649	Lymphocyte activation	DLG1, GPAM, ZBTB16, PREX1, CD151	Pathogen/Predator	Flint et al. 2011 [91]
	GO:0006954	Inflammatory response	PSMB4, UACA	Pathogen/Predator	Evans et al. 2002 [46], Zhang et al. 2008 [54]
	GO:0006950	Response to stress	SEL1L, PSMB4, SIRT6, NEK6, BCAS3, GPAM, LIG3, UACA, PRKD1, SNAI2, SMAD1	Growth response to Environmental Stress	UniProt [67], Puvadolpirod et al. 2000 [48], Li et al. 2011 [70], Yen et al. 2014 [90]
	GO:0007249	I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling	UACA, ZDHHC17, NEK6, PRKD1	Inflammation/Oxidative Stress	Evans et al. 2002 [46], Perkins et al. 2007 [55], Salminen et al. 2008 [87], Tam et al. 2012 [88]
	GO:0034599	Cellular response to oxidative stress	UACA, PRKD1	Oxidative/Environmental Stress	UniProt [67], Jenuth 2000 [69, 77]
	GO:0009719	Response to endogenous stimulus	HPGD, GRB10, CITED3, GABRB3, BCAS3, SMAD1, STMN2, SNAI2	Oxidative/Metabolic stress	Evans et al. 2002 [46]
	GO:0048010	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	GRB10, PRKD1	Oxidative/Metabolic Stress	Koch et al. 2012 [57]
	GO:0043281	Regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	DLC1, RFFL, UACA	Metabolic stress	Galvez et al. 2001 [47]
	GO:0065008	Regulation of biological quality	DLC1, PRKCA, RAP1GDS1, DLG1, GPAM, FRMPD4, GRM8, CRTC1, NPY, PTPN3, STX12, SMAD1	Growth response to Environmental Stress	UniProt [67], Jenuth 2000 [69, 77]
	GO:0006915	Apoptotic process	ZBTB16, DLC1, RFFL, SUDS3, DNAJC5, SHQ1, GPAM, UACA, GABRB3, UTP11L, SNAI2	Metabolic stress	Galvez et al. 2001 [47]