Figure 3.

Effect of quercetin on invasion of Caco-2 cells. (a) The invasion of Caco-2 cells was evaluated by cell invasion assay, which was performed on 8 μm polycarbonate Matrigel-coated transwell cell culture chambers. Cells were incubated in 24 well plates and treated with quercetin (5 μM) for 24 h in the presence or absence of anti-toll-like receptor 4 antibody (2 μg) or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (1 μM). a’: Blank control; b’: Quercetin of 5 μM; c’: Anti-toll-like receptor 4 antibody (2 μg); d’: Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (1 μM); e’: Quercetin (5 μM) + anti-toll-like receptor 4 antibody (2 μg); f’: Quercetin (5 μM) + pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (1 μM). (b) Optical density for the permeated cells. Data were obtained from triplicate experiments and expressed as the means ± standard deviation (n = 3). **P < 0.01, versus blank control; #P < 0.05, quercetin (5 μM) + anti-toll-like receptor 4 versus. anti-toll-like receptor 4 alone; ^&&P < 0.05, quercetin (5 μM) + pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate versus pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate alone