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. 2014 Jul 9;15:44. doi: 10.1186/s40510-014-0044-y

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© Guo et al.; licensee springer 2014

This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Cephalometric landmarks used in lateral tracings. S, sella turcica; N, nasion; Po, porion; Ba, basion; Ns, soft-tissue nasion; Pt, pterygomaxillare; Or, orbitale; A, subspinale; U1, tip of maxillary central incisor; P6U, distal point of upper first molar; L1, tip of mandibular central incisor; B, supramentale; Pm, protuberantia menti; Pog, pogonion; Me, menton; Gn, gnathion; Go, gonion; Xi, anatomical central point of mandible ramus; DC, center of condyle on N-Ba; Ls, labrale superius; Li, labrale inferius; Pog', soft-tissue pogonion.