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. 2016 Apr 15;5:e14009. doi: 10.7554/eLife.14009

Figure 1. The γd KCs are required for visual memory.

(A) γd neurons labeled by MB607B-GAL4. (B) 3D reconstruction of γd neurons labeled by MB607B-GAL4 (purple) in the entire MB (yellow). Arrow indicates atypical dendritic protrusion of the γd neurons. Scale bars: 50 µm (A) and 20 µm (B). (C) Schematic diagram of color discrimination learning and test. (D) Average time courses of conditioned color avoidance in the test for flies with the blockade of the γd neurons with MB607B-GAL4 (red) and the parental controls (black and gray). (E) Pooled conditioned color avoidance. Blocking the γd neurons with MB607B-GAL4 impairs aversive color discrimination learning (one-way ANOVA, post-hoc pairwise comparison, p<0.05; n = 8–12). (F) The same Shits1 blockade of the γd neurons does not impair immediate aversive olfactory memory (one-way ANOVA, post-hoc pairwise comparison, p>0,05; n = 9–10). Throughout this study, bars and error bars display mean and SEM, respectively.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14009.002

Figure 1.

Figure 1—figure supplement 1. Behavioral screen identifies the requirement of the γd KCs in aversive visual conditioning but not olfactory conditioning.

Figure 1—figure supplement 1.

(A) Subsets of KC types labelled in GAL4 lines and the resulting learning defects in the behavioral screen using UAS-shits1. Expression levels (represented in the gray scale) are determined as previously described (Paulk and Gronenberg, 2008); † stochastic expression. Stars in the left column indicate the statistical significance of memory impairment compared to the UAS-shi/+ control (Dunn’s multiple pairwise comparison); n = 8–119. (B) Expression pattern of MB419B-GAL4 which specifically labels γd KCs. Scale bar represents 50 µm. Grey background staining: Discs large. (C) Blocking output of the γd neurons with MB419B-GAL4 (B; one-way ANOVA, post-hoc pairwise comparison, p<0.05; n = 18–60) impairs aversive color discrimination learning. (D) The same blockade does not significantly affect aversive olfactory conditioning (one-way ANOVA, p>0.05; n = 8–10).
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14009.003