Table 3.

Clavien Classification of Surgical Complications

Grade	Definition
I	Any postoperative complication that does not require interventions; Superficial SSI, Acute Renal Failure, Renal Insufficiency, Neurologic defecit/peripheral nerve injury
II	Postoperative complications requiring pharmalogic interventions; Deep Incisional SSI, Organ/Space SSI, Wound Disruption/Dehiscence, Deep Venous Thrombosis, Pulmonary Embolism, Pneumonia, Urinary tract infection, Transfusion, Sepsis
III	Postoperative complications requiring surgical, radiologic, or endoscopic interventions; Reoperation
IV	Life-threatening complications requiring intensive care unit management; Ventilator >48 hours, Reintubation/Unplanned intubation, Septic shock, Myocardial infarction, Cardiac Arrest, Coma, Progressive Renal Failure
V	Complications leading to death; Death