. 2016 May 27;16:112. doi: 10.1186/s12877-016-0286-2

Table 4.

Vision/hearing impairment, cognitive decline and mortality by age group

		Cognitive decline	Participants				Univariate analysis				Multivariate analysis
			95 % CI			HR	95 % CI		p	HR	95 % CI		p
			Total	Death	Movers	HR	Lower limit	Upper limit	p	HR	Lower limit	Upper limit	p
Overall	Normal vision/hearing function	No	413	155	11	1.00	-	-	-	1.000	-	-	-	^a
	Normal vision/hearing function	Yes	360	184	9	1.496	1.21	1.85	0.00	1.138	0.91	1.42	0.25
	Vision impairment	No	114	46	2	1.060	0.76	1.47	0.73	1.043	0.74	1.46	0.81
	Vision impairment	Yes	138	60	2	1.096	0.81	1.48	0.55	0.875	0.65	1.19	0.39
	Hearing impairment	No	172	90	4	1.614	1.24	2.09	0.00	1.154	0.88	1.51	0.30
	Hearing impairment	Yes	237	138	9	1.889	1.50	2.38	0.00	1.225	0.96	1.56	0.10
	Dual sensory impairment	No	105	58	3	1.644	1.22	2.22	0.00	1.106	0.81	1.51	0.52
	Dual sensory impairment	Yes	215	133	8	1.980	1.57	2.50	0.00	1.290	1.01	1.65	0.04
	Total		1754	864	48

^aAdjusted for age, sex, level of dependency, diabetes, neurological disease, hypertension, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders, and eye and ear diseases