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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 May 28.
Published in final edited form as: J Environ Qual. 2015 Sep;44(5):1491–1502. doi: 10.2134/jeq2015.01.0048

Table 1. Default and calibration parameter values.

Dimension Default values
Calibration parameter Reference
Low Medium High
Concentration of TMVs in raw wastewater; calibration WWTP 2 and 3

Mean N/L§ enterovirus 1 102 103 103 WHO (2011)
norovirus 103 105 106 Katayama et al. (2008)
Campylobacter 102 104 106 WHO (2011)
Cryptosporidium 1 102 104
Escherichia coli 106 108 1010 5.4 × 107
HF183 108 109 1010 (2.2, 1.4) × 109 this paper
95% ×mean all TMVs 1 2 5
N/L enterovirus 2.8 × 103
E. coli (9.8, 11) × 107
HF183 (5.8, 3.5) × 109
Concentration of TMVs in storm water overflow, multiplication factor of TMV concentration in raw wastewater

Mean and 95% 0.1 1 10
2010 1.4
2011 0.2
2012 0.2
2013 0.1
Log removal by wastewater treatment

Mean Log10 enterovirus 0 1 2 1.2 Lodder and de Roda Husman (2005)
norovirus 0 1 2
Campylobacter 0 2 4 Hoogenboezem et al. (2001)
Cryptosporidium 0 1 2
E. coli 0 2 4 2.4, 2.2
HF183 0 2 3 2.8, 2.2 this paper
95% ×mean all TMVs 0.5 0.75 1
Log10 enterovirus 0.4
E. coli 1.4, 1.8
HF183 1.9, 1.4
Characteristics of wastewater treatment plants WWTP1–5

Upstream distance km 10 50 200 13, 17, 35, 70, 186
Discharge m3 s-1 0.02 0.1 0.5 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.2, 2.2 Schijven et al. (2005)
Overflow N yr-1 0 2 5 5
Mixing degree 2010 0.2 0.5 1 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0
2011 0.2 0.5 1 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0
2012 0.2 0.5 1 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0
2013 0.2 0.5 1 0.17, 0.21, 0.28, 0.33, 0.49
Fecal droppings of boar/red deer

Mean weight g boar 5 10 15 Schmidt et al. (2004)
red deer 5 15 25 von Oheimb et al. (2005)
95% of weight ×mean 1 2 5
Number per day per boar 2 5 10 Schmidt et al. (2004)
animal red deer 5 15 30 von Oheimb et al. (2005)
Mean TMV concentrations N g-1 Campylobacter 102 104 105 Ogden et al. (2009)
Cryptosporidium 106 107 108
E. coli 106 107 108
95% ×mean All TMV 1 2 5
Prevalence Campylobacter 0 0.2 0.3 Ogden et al. (2009)
Cryptosporidium 0 0.01 0.1
Fecal droppings of birds

Mean weight G 0.2 0.5 1 Hahn et al. (2007)
95% of weight ×mean 1 2 5
Number per day per bird 20 50 100 Hahn et al. (2007)
Mean TMV concentrations N g-1 Campylobacter 102 104 105 Ogden et al. (2009)
Cryptosporidium 106 107 108
E. coli 106 107 108
95% ×mean all TMV 1 2 5
Prevalence Campylobacter 0 0.4 0.7 Fallacara et al. (2001)
Cryptosporidium 0 0.01 0.1
Fecal droppings of humans

Weight g mean 100 150 200 Encyclopedia Brittanica, 2015
×mean 95% 1 2 5
Probability 0 0.001 0.01
Mean TMV concentrations N g-1 enterovirus 105 108 109 Melnick and Rennick (1980)
norovirus 105 108 109 Atmar et al. (2008)
Campylobacter 105 106 107 WHO (2011)
Cryptosporidium 105 108 109 RIVM/LCI (2012), Gerba, (2000)
E. coli 106 107 108
HF183 106 107 108
95% ×mean all TMVs 1 2 5
Prevalence enterovirus 0 0.01 0.1
norovirus 0 0.01 0.1 Glass et al. (2009)
Campylobacter 0 0.001 0.01 Kemmeren et al. (2006)
Cryptosporidium 0 0.001 0.01 RIVM/LCI (2012)
Main river

Discharge, Qmr m3 s-1 data from spreadsheet or monthly mean values
ARMA(1,1) a 0.5 0.7 0.9
b 0 0.5 1
v 5 × 104 105 2 × 105
Width m 200 250 300 250 Viadonau (1997)
Depth m 2 4 8 4 Viadonau (1997)
Floodplain river

Discharge from main river m3 s-1 threshold 1000 2000 3000
fraction of Qmr 0.01
Groundwater recharge m3 s-1 0.1 0.25 1
Length km 5 10 20
Width m 5 10 20
Depth m 1 2 5
Main river and floodplain river

Manning coefficient 0.05 for sand and 0.1 for gravel 0.024 Manning (1891), MA45 (2014)
River bed slope m m-1 0.001 0.004 0.01 0.0005 Viadonau (1997)
Water temperature °C from 1–22, triangular or data from spreadsheet data from spreadsheet
Floodplain

Precipitation mm d-1 data from spreadsheet or generated
Precipitation rate 1 d-1 0.2 0.5 1
Precipitation depth mm 1 2 3
Maximum month month 1 6 12
Floodplain angle degrees 0.5 1 2
Floodplain area km2 20 50 100
Release from fecal deposits 1 d-1 0 0.1 1
Evaporation 0 0.4 0.8
Runoff 0.1 0.1 0.2

Target microorganism and virus.

Wastewater treatment plant.

§

Numbers per liter.

Autoregressive moving average.

HHS Vulnerability Disclosure