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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Res. 2016 Feb 8;107:70–74. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2016.01.006

Figure 2. Memory, executive function, and social cognition in CSE mice.

Figure 2

(A) Fear conditioning: there were no significant differences between CON and CSE mice in freezing behavior during the context and cue tests of fear retrieval (top), or freezing during extinction of fear (bottom; Block 1 of first extinction day corresponds to the cued fear retrieval test, above). (B) Reversal learning: CSE mice exhibited normal spatial reversal learning in the Morris water maze based on latency to the hidden platform and time in target quadrant during the probe trial. **p<0.01, as analyzed by 2-way ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni test (quadrant occupancy F1,42 = 33.11, p<0.0001). (C) Three-chamber social interaction test: both CON and CSE mice preferred sniffing the enclosure with the stranger mouse during the sociability phase and preferred the unfamiliar stranger in the social novelty phase. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, as analyzed by 2-way ANOVA with post hoc Bonferroni test (sociability phase; preference F1,28 = 20.63, p<0.0001, social novelty phase; preference F1,28 = 68.09, p<0.0001). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. (CON n=7, CSE n=8 for fear conditioning, CON n=12, CSE n=11 for reversal learning, n=8 for each group for social interaction test). T, target; O, opposite; S, stranger; E, empty; F, familiar; and N, novel.