Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the 268 subjects with obstructive lung disease
| Total (n=268) | Subjects with ≥1 hospitalizations (n=225) | Subjects free from hospitalization (n=43) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 73.2 ± 2.9 | 73.2 ± 2.8 | 73.0 ± 3.1 | 0.580 |
| Gender, %male | 57.5 | 58.2 | 53.5 | 0.565 |
| Race, %white | 55.6 | 55.1 | 58.1 | 0.714 |
| Site, %Memphis | 51.1 | 49.8 | 58.1 | 0.315 |
| Previous all-cause hospitalization, % | 13.1 | 13.8 | 9.3 | 0.419 |
| FEV1, %pred* | 63 ± 18 | 62 ± 18 | 67 ± 20 | 0.121 |
| Dyspnea | ||||
| None, % | 50.6 | 48.6 | 60.5 | 0.245 |
| Mild, % | 39.2 | 40.0 | 34.9 | |
| Moderate, % | 10.3 | 11.4 | 4.7 | |
| Physical activity, kcal/kg/wk† | 65 (36–100) | 62 (35–95) | 77 (44–106) | 0.068 |
| Inactive | 27.6 | 30.2 | 14.0 | 0.085 |
| Lifestyle active | 56.3 | 54.7 | 65.1 | |
| Exercisers | 16.0 | 15.1 | 20.9 | |
| Tobacco exposure | ||||
| Ever, % | 82.8 | 85.8 | 67.4 | 0.003 |
| Never, % | 17.2 | 14.2 | 32.6 | |
| Quadriceps strength, Nm | 103 ± 40 | 102 ± 40 | 107 ± 39 | 0.466 |
| Grip strength, kg | 64 ± 22 | 63 ± 21 | 66 ± 23 | 0.421 |
| SPPB, %<10 | 31.3 | 33.8 | 21.4 | 0.115 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.4 ± 4.7 | 25.3 ± 4.7 | 26.0 ± 4.8 | 0.379 |
| FFMI, kg/m2 | 17.0 ± 2.5 | 17.0 ± 2.5 | 17.1 ± 2.4 | 0.666 |
| CRP, μg/ml† | 2.06 (1.16–3.64) | 2.16 (1.24–3.78) | 1.17 (0.79–2.39) | <0.001 |
| Heart and vascular disease, % | 27.2 | 30.5 | 14.3 | 0.032 |
| Chronic kidney disease, % | 20.1 | 22.6 | 9.5 | 0.054 |
| Diabetes, % | 11.6 | 12.5 | 7.0 | 0.300 |
| Cancer, % | 17.2 | 15.1 | 27.9 | 0.041 |
| Cognitive impairment, % | 13.1 | 12.9 | 14.3 | 0.806 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FFMI, fat free mass index; FMI, fat mass index; IL-6, interleukin-6; SPPB, short physical performance battery; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.
Data are mean (SD) unless indicated otherwise.
*
From reference equations40
†
Median (IQR).