Table 2.
Multivariate binomial regression models exploring independent associations between macrovascular complications and predictor variables∗.
| Predictor | Model 1† | Model 2ǂ | Model 3§ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | RR (95% CI) | p | |
| Age | ||||||
| 50–64 years | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 65–74 years | 1.6 (1.0, 2.5) | 0.05 | 1.5 (0.9, 2.4) | 0.07 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.5) | 0.04 |
| 75+ years | 2.0 (1.3, 3.3) | 0.003 | 1.8 (1.1, 4.1) | 0.01 | 2.0 (1.2, 3.2) | 0.005 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Female | 0.6 (04, 0.9) | 0.007 | 0.6 (0.4, 0.9) | 0.009 | 0.6 (0.4, 0.8) | 0.005 |
| Education | ||||||
| Primary/less | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Secondary | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) | 0.5 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.4) | 0.5 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.3) | 0.6 |
| Third/higher | 1.1 (0.7, 1.7) | 0.7 | 1.2 (0.7, 1.8) | 0.5 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.7) | 0.7 |
| Duration of diagnosis | ||||||
| 0–4 years | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 5–9 years | 1.0 (0.6, 1.7) | 0.9 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.6) | 0.9 | 1.0 (0.6, 1.7) | 0.9 |
| 10+ years | 1.2 (0.8, 1.8) | 0.4 | 1.1 (0.7, 1.6) | 0.7 | 1.1 (0.8, 1.7) | 0.5 |
| Ever smoked | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 1.7 (1.1, 2.7) | 0.02 | 1.6 (1.1, 2.6) | 0.04 | ||
| Physical activity | ||||||
| Low | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Medium | 0.8 (0.6, 1.2) | 0.3 | 0.9 (0.6, 1.2) | 0.5 | ||
| High | 0.5 (0.3, 0.9) | 0.01 | 0.5 (0.3, 0.9) | 0.03 | ||
| Previous hypertension | ||||||
| No | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 1.1 (0.8, 1.7) | 0.5 | ||||
| Previous high cholesterol | ||||||
| No | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 1.7 (1.1, 2.5) | 0.008 | ||||
∗Indicating report of at least one macrovascular complication (heart attack, congestive heart failure, stroke, or TIA).
†Variables entered in Model 1: age, sex, education, and years since diagnosis.
ǂVariables entered in Model 2: age, sex, education, years since diagnosis, smoking status, and physical activity.
§Variables entered in Model 3: age, sex, education, years since diagnosis, smoking status, physical activity, doctor diagnosed hypertension, and doctor diagnosed high cholesterol.