Table 2.

Reference parameter values.

Parameter	Value	Unit	Reference
Compartmental model:
Total placental cotyledon volume	30	ml	[10], [20]
% maternal volume (intervillous space)	34%	–	[20], [27]
% syncytiotrophoblast volume	15%	–	[20], [27]
% fetal volume (fetal capillaries)	7.5%	–	[20], [27]
Maternal blood flow rate	2	ml min− 1 g− 1	[28]
Fetal blood flow rate	0.2	ml min− 1 g− 1	[29]
Transporter models:
Accumulative
Effective transport rate, Vac	0.005	mmol min− 1	[20]
Charge of sodium ion, z	1	–	–
Faraday constant, F	9.65 × 104	C mol− 1	–
Gas constant, R	8.314	VC K− 1 mol− 1	–
Body temperature, T	310	K	–
Transmembrane potential difference, ∆ Ψ	− 21	mV	[30]
Maternal sodium concentration	134	mmol l− 1	[31]a
Syncytiotrophoblast sodium concentration	15	mmol l− 1	[32]b
Electrical bias constant, β	0.33	–	[33]c
Substrate dissociation constant, Kac	2.26	mmol l− 1	[33]c
Sodium dissociation constant, KNa	25.07	mmol l− 1	[33]c
MVM exchanger
Maximum transport rate, Vex,mvm	0.005	mmol min− 1	[20]
Substrate dissociation constant, Kex	200	μmol l− 1	[34], [35]d
BM exchanger
Maximum transport rate, Vex,bm	0.005	mmol min− 1	[20]
Substrate dissociation constant, Kex	200	μmol l− 1	[34], [35]d
Facilitative
Maximum transport rate, Vf	0.005	mmol min− 1	[20]
Substrate dissociation constant, Kf	1000	μmol l− 1	[36]d

^aMean of lower and upper late pregnancy values.

^bIntracellular value for brain as no specific information available.

^cFitted based on data Yao et al., Fig. 5f [24], [33].

^dRepresentative value based on weighted average dissociation constants.