(a).

	Percent total (n = number of patients)		NOSE score by subgroup (mean ± SD)		p value
					(one-way ANOVA)
					∗ = statistical significance
External nasal deformity
Grade 1: none	82.5% (n = 198)		30.1 ± 22.8		p = 0.0149 ∗
Grade 2: mild	9.2% (n = 22)		34.5 ± 25.3
Grade 3: moderate	7.9% (n = 19)		48.5 ± 30.2
Grade 4: severe	0.4% (n = 1)		35.0
Nasal septum deviation
Grade 1: 0 to 25% deflection	53.3% (n = 128)		27.7 ± 22.0		p = 0.0024 ∗
Grade 2: 26–50% deflection	31.6% (n = 76)		33.5 ± 22.9
Grade 3: 51–75% deflection	8.3% (n = 20)		43.3 ± 32.8
Grade 4: 76–100% deflection	6.7% (n = 16)		45.9 ± 25.4
Internal nasal valve angle	Right	Left	Right	Left	Right	Left
Grade 1: <5 degrees	3.8% (n = 9)	4.2% (n = 10)	66.1 ± 18.3	58.0 ± 27.4	p < 0.0001	p < 0.0001
Grade 2: 5 to <10 degrees	18.1% (n = 43)	18.1% (n = 43)	44.3 ± 25.5	44.1 ± 24.8
Grade 3: 10 to <15 degrees	51.9% (n = 123)	53.6% (n = 127)	29.1 ± 21.9	28.9 ± 21.5
Grade 4: 15 or more degrees	26.2% (n = 62)	24.1% (n = 57)	24.8 ± 21.6	25.7 ± 22.6
Internal nasal valve collapse	Right	Left	Right	Left	Right	Left
Grade 1: no collapse	74.1% (n = 178)	74.2% (n = 178)	No significant difference between groups		p = 0.4210	p = 0.1053
Grade 2: mild collapse ≤ 33%	17.9% (n = 43)	18.3% (n = 44)
Grade 3: moderate collapse = 34–66%	7.5% (n = 18)	6.7% (n = 16)
Grade 4: severe collapse ≥ 67%	0.4% (n = 1)	8.3% (n = 2)
Inferior turbinate size	Right	Left	Right	Left	Right	Left
Grade 1: 0–25% AP nasal airway space	27.9% (n = 67)	25.0% (n = 60)	No significant difference between groups		p = 0.9472	p = 0.1618
Grade 2: 26–50% AP nasal airway space	24.1% (n = 58)	27.1% (n = 65)
Grade 3: 51–75% AP nasal airway space	30.0% (n = 72)	32.9% (n = 79)
Grade 4: 76–100% AP nasal airway space	17.9% (n = 43)	15.0% (n = 36)