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. 2016 Jun 5;26(6):284–291. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20150104

Table 3. Food group intakes from 3-day non-consecutive 24hDR and FFQ, percentage difference between 24hDR and FFQ, and their correlations in males and females.

  Male (n = 92) Female (n = 64)
24hDR FFQ %a Correlation coefficientb 24hDR FFQ %a Correlation coefficientb
Crude Energy-
adjusted		 Deattenuatedc Referenced Crude Energy-
adjusted		 Deattenuatedc Referenced
  Mean SD Mean SD           Mean SD Mean SD          
Cereals 871.5 302.7 880.8 395.1 1 0.34* 0.27* 0.28 0.51 436.1 142.0 477.7 128.2 10 0.50* 0.46* 0.49 0.41
Potatoes and starches 24.1 37.3 19.5 17.6 −19 0.21* 0.18 0.20 0.49 25.4 29.7 18.1 15.8 −29 0.37* 0.35* 0.40 0.39
Sugar 9.0 7.6 0.6 1.3 −94 0.04 0.16 0.17 0.30 8.8 6.0 0.4 0.8 −96 −0.01 −0.10 −0.11 0.07
Pulses 30.2 55.5 45.6 41.6 51 0.35* 0.30* 0.31 0.66 65.8 97.1 82.0 106.9 25 0.48* 0.51* 0.54 0.45
Nuts and seeds 1.4 2.2 1.0 1.8 −30 0.34* 0.28* 0.32 0.40 2.7 4.2 0.5 0.7 −82 −0.01 0.00 0.00 −0.09
Vegetables 149.8 83.4 162.6 125.8 9 0.35* 0.37* 0.40 0.55 156.8 72.7 163.1 110.1 4 0.38* 0.38* 0.42 0.52
 Green and yellow
vegetables		 42.4 45.0 75.3 74.8 78 0.39* 0.43* 0.47 0.59 55.4 36.7 77.8 57.1 40 0.34* 0.26* 0.29 0.57
 White vegetables 107.4 54.8 87.3 65.6 −19 0.27* 0.28* 0.30 0.68 101.4 53.9 85.3 68.7 −16 0.31* 0.40* 0.45 0.57
Fruits 209.8 245.9 344.6 341.3 64 0.45* 0.45* 0.48 0.69 295.6 205.1 353.1 266.0 19 0.44* 0.48* 0.52 0.63
Fungi 2.8 4.6 2.9 5.2 5 0.36* 0.30* 0.34 0.57 3.5 4.3 3.2 3.6 −9 0.18 0.14 0.17 0.46
Algae 5.6 5.0 6.4 7.1 13 0.33* 0.34* 0.37 0.22 6.4 8.2 3.1 4.7 −51 0.41* 0.50* 0.57 0.47
Fish and shellfish 45.8 46.5 30.4 21.3 −34 0.33* 0.36* 0.40 0.69 25.5 22.3 28.5 27.9 12 0.37* 0.29* 0.34 0.57
Meats 160.2 88.5 136.6 96.0 −15 0.21* 0.21* 0.23 0.70 88.9 46.4 77.0 58.3 −13 0.24 0.02 0.02 0.36
Eggs 37.0 34.2 23.2 28.7 −37 0.35* 0.33* 0.36 0.67 36.8 25.6 30.2 36.1 −18 0.45* 0.43* 0.49 0.53
Milk and dairy products 148.4 146.4 234.3 257.5 58 0.57* 0.67* 0.72 0.66 133.8 163.8 191.4 167.6 43 0.59* 0.56* 0.58 0.76
Fats and oils 17.5 9.0 12.6 7.6 −28 0.16 0.19 0.21 0.45 11.6 6.6 9.5 6.2 −18 0.23 0.13 0.14 0.73
Confectioneries 66.9 68.5 61.1 58.7 −9 0.27* 0.26* 0.29 0.45 91.6 64.8 54.2 40.4 −41 0.30* 0.31* 0.34 0.43
Beverages 1344.9 782.7 743.3 722.3 −45 0.22* 0.38* 0.40 0.40 1058.8 624.4 482.8 291.9 −54 0.10 0.14 0.15 0.35
Seasonings and spices 63.2 26.7 22.4 14.9 −65 0.29* 0.28* 0.31 0.10 53.5 23.4 14.8 13.5 −72 0.15 0.15 0.16 −0.36
Median           0.33 0.30 0.32 0.55           0.34 0.31 0.34 0.46

24hDR, 24-hour dietary recall; FFQ, food frequency questionnaire; SD, standard deviation.

Food group intakes are reported in grams.

aPercentage differences: (FFQ − 24hDR)/24hDR * 100 (%); bSpearman’s correlation coefficients between 24hDR and FFQ; *Significant correlation coefficients (P < 0.05). cDeattenuated CCx = observed CCx * SQRT (1 + λx/n), where λx is the ratio of within- to between-individual variance for nutrient x, and n is number of 24hDR; observed CCs were based on energy-adjusted values except for energy intake; dDeattenuated CC among middle-aged population (reference number 11).