Figure 3. Knockdown of PHLPP expression induces EMT and promotes cell migration.

A. Cell lysates were prepared from stable control and PHLPP overexpressing Panc-1 as well as PHLPP knockdown ASPC-1 cells. The expression levels of E-cadherin and vimentin were analyzed using immunoblotting. B. Stable control and PHLPP overexpressing Panc-1 cells were subjected to Transwell migration assays using HGF and laminin as chemoattractants. C. Stable control and PHLPP knockdown ASPC-1 cells were subjected to Transwell migration assays using HGF and laminin as chemoattractants. The inserts shown in (B) and (C) were representative images of cells migrated in the Transwell assays. Each experiment was done in duplicates and three independent experiments were averaged and expressed as mean ± SEM (* p<0.05 by two-sample t-tests compared to the control cells).