Table 4. Postoperative short-term outcomes.
| Postoperative outcomes | Placebo group (n = 30) |
Probiotics group (n = 30) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Days to first flatus (d) | 3.63 ± 0.67 | 3.27 ± 0.58 | 0.0274 |
| Days to first defecation (d) | 4.53 ± 1.11 | 3.87 ± 1.17 | 0.0268 |
| Days to first fluid diet (d) | 3.93 ± 0.78 | 3.73 ± 0.83 | 0.341 |
| Days to first solid diet (d) | 5.00 ± 0.83 | 4.87 ± 0.86 | 0.544 |
| Duration of pyrexia (> 38.5°C, d) | 4.80 ± 2.34 | 4.77 ± 1.79 | 0.951 |
| Average heart rate (in a week after surgery, bpm) | 78.98 ± 3.78 | 80.63 ± 4.13 | 0.111 |
| Length of intraperitoneal drainage (d) | 6.67 ± 1.09 | 6.50 ± 0.97 | 0.535 |
| Length of antibiotic therapy (d) | 7.33 ± 3.86 | 6.60 ± 2.81 | 0.404 |
| Postoperative hospital stay (d) | 15.00 ± 4.31 | 15.86 ± 4.92 | 0.487 |
| Blood index change | |||
| Leucocyte (*109/L) | 2.11 ± 2.26 | 1.64 ± 1.78 | 0.374 |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 14.73 ± 11.44 | 14.50 ± 10.58 | 0.935 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 7.93 ± 5.37 | 6.69 ± 4.40 | 0.336 |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 14.13 ± 12.34 | 16.07 ± 11.36 | 0.534 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) | 1.39 ± 1.69 | 1.04 ± 1.36 | 0.541 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 0.35 ± 0.33 | 0.13 ± 0.04 | 0.136 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.69 ± 0.63 | 0.79 ± 0.46 | 0.773 |
| Incidence of Infectious complications (%) | |||
| Bacteremia (%) | 30.00 (9/30) | 10% (3/30) | 0.0528 |
| Wound infection (%) | 3.33 (1/30) | 3.33 (1/30) | 1.000 |
| Pneumonia (%) | 16.67 (5/30) | 10.00 (3/30) | 0.704 |
| Urinary tract infection (n) | 6.67 (2/30) | 6.67 (2/30) | 0.605 |
| Incidence of non-infectious complications (%) | |||
| Anastomotic leakage (%) | 96.67 (1/30) | 93.33 (2/30) | 1.000 |
| Diarrhea (%) | 53.33 (16/30) | 26.67 (8/30) | 0.0352 |
| Abdominal distension (%) | 43.33 (13/30) | 30.00 (9/30) | 0.284 |
| Mortality (n) | N/A | N/A | N/A |
N/A, not applicable.