Figure 4.

Thermal treatment at 99 °C for 5 min reduces the biological activity of SEE in PBS. However, milk has a protective effect on SEE retained from its initial activity. PBS (a) and milk (b) spiked with increasing concentrations of SEE were treated at 99 °C for 5 min. Thermal treated spiked PBS or milk (15 μL) was added to the Jurkat reporter cells. After incubation for 5 h, the luciferase enzyme activity was determined. Photon emission was detected by luminometer. Error bars represent standard errors.