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. 2016 May 24;6(5):e010443. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010443

Table 4.

Characteristics of children with violence exposures

Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Overall sample
Number (% total sample) 696 (18.8) 975 (26.3) 2035 (54.9) 3706
Gender female (%) 494 (71.0) 439 (45.0) 1004 (49.3) 1937 (52.3)
Age*
 Mean (SD) 13.0 (1.5) 13.0 (1.5) 13.0 (1.4) 13.0 (1.5)
 Median (range) 13 (9–18) 13 (9–18) 13 (7–18) 13 (7–18)
Number of meals eaten yesterday†
 1 meal 116 (16.7) 157 (16.1) 243 (12.0) 516 (13.9)
 2 meals 268 (38.5) 393 (40.3) 782 (38.5) 1443 (39.0)
 3+ meals 312 (44.8) 425 (43.6) 1009 (49.6) 1746 (47.1)
Number of children sharing sleeping area
 0 104 (14.9) 126 (12.9) 248 (12.2) 478 (12.9)
 1 234 (33.6) 291 (29.9) 532 (26.1) 1057 (28.5)
 2–4 270 (38.8) 422 (43.3) 918 (45.1) 1610 (43.4)
 5–7 27 (3.9) 47 (4.8) 82 (4.0) 156 (4.2)
 8+ 61 (8.8) 89 (9.1) 255 (12.5) 405 (10.9)
Ever worked for money‡ 240 (34.5) 408 (41.9) 639 (31.4) 1287 (34.8)
Transport to school§
 Other 25 (3.6) 21 (2.2) 93 (4.7) 139 (3.8)
 Walking alone 169 (24.5) 240 (25.4) 481 (24.2) 890 (24.6)
 Walking with someone you know 423 (61.4) 622 (65.9) 1269 (63.8) 2314 (63.9)
Boarded at school 72 (10.5) 61 (6.5) 146 (7.3) 279 (7.7)
Disability 55 (7.9) 87 (8.9) 129 (6.3) 271 (7.3)
Absent on 1 or more days in past week¶ 159 (23.6) 240 (24.8) 373 (18.7) 772 (21.2)
Low performer on educational tests 63 (9.1) 103 (10.6) 212 (10.4) 378 (10.2)
SDQ total score M (SD) 10.6 (5.4) 10.9 (5.5) 8.2 (4.9) 9.3 (5.3)
Physical violence** 696 (100) 975 (100) 1829 (89.9) 3500 (94.4)
Emotional violence** 653 (93.8) 963 (98.8) 544 (26.7) 2160 (58.3)
Sexual violence** 170 (24.4) 142 (14.6) 17 (0.8) 329 (8.9)

*N=3701.

†N=3705.

‡N=3704.

§N=3622.

¶N=3635.

**Refers to violence by any perpetrator.

SDQ, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.