Table 2.
Subgroup comparisons of the EQ-5D questionnaires in 1882 patients 1 year after coronary angiography for ACS
| Total Number | EQ-5D Health Utility | Visual analogue scale | Some or severe problem with mobility | Some or severe problem with self-care | Some or severe problem with daily activities | Some or severe problem with pain/discomfort | Some or severe problem with anxiety/depression | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | ||
| Total | 1882 | 0.82 (0.16) | 0.77 (0.17) | 16.3 | 3.5 | 15.9 | 45.8 | 33.0 |
| Sex | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.03 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.001 | |
| Women | 381 | 0.77 (0.16) | 0.73 (0.18) | 24.4 | 5.3 | 22.3 | 56.4 | 42.5 |
| Men | 1501 | 0.83 (0.16) | 0.77 (0.17) | 14.2 | 3.0 | 14.9 | 43.0 | 30.9 |
| Age group (years) | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | |
| <50 | 309 | 0.83 (0.17) | 0.78 (0.19) | 10.0 | 1.6 | 14.6 | 36.6 | 38.8 |
| 50-59 | 522 | 0.81 (0.17) | 0.7 (0.17) | 12.6 | 3.1 | 18.1 | 46.0 | 39.7 |
| 60-69 | 550 | 0.84 (0.15) | 0.79 (0.16) | 14.9 | 3.3 | 12.4 | 41.6 | 28.2 |
| 70-79 | 365 | 0.81 (0.16) | 0.75 (0.18) | 19.7 | 3.6 | 12.6 | 49.9 | 27.1 |
| ≥80 | 136 | 0.74 (0.15) | 0.69 (0.19) | 40.4 | 9.6 | 33.8 | 71.3 | 33.1 |
| Education | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.006 | p<0.001 | p=0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.012 | |
| Basic | 348 | 0.77 (0.17) | 71.9 (18.5) | 21.3 | 8.0 | 22.7 | 56.6 | 42.2 |
| Vocational | 963 | 0.82 (0.16) | 76.5 (17.4) | 16.5 | 2.2 | 15.9 | 48.1 | 31.9 |
| High school | 243 | 0.83 (0.17) | 79.1 (16.7) | 11.9 | 3.3 | 12.8 | 38.3 | 32.5 |
| University | 284 | 0.84 (0.16) | 79.0 (16.2) | 13.7 | 2.1 | 11.6 | 33.8 | 29.9 |
| Working | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.013 | p<0.001 | p=0.216 | |
| Full time | 800 | 0.84 (0.15) | 0.79 (0.16) | 8.4 | 1.0 | 12.6 | 37.5 | 32.6 |
| Part time | 170 | 0.79 (0.16) | 0.76 (0.16) | 17.1 | 2.9 | 16.5 | 50.0 | 40.6 |
| None/retired | 899 | 0.80 (0.17) | 0.74 (0.19) | 23.1 | 5.8 | 18.7 | 52.4 | 32.4 |
| Diabetes | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.002 | p<0.001 | p=0.100 | |
| Yes | 313 | 0.78 (0.19) | 0.72 (0.19) | 25.2 | 8.6 | 22.0 | 55.0 | 38.0 |
| No | 1569 | 0.82 (0.16) | 0.77 (0.17) | 14.5 | 2.4 | 14.7 | 43.9 | 32.3 |
| Hypertension | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.004 | p=0.001 | p=0.001 | p=0.318 | |
| Yes | 1009 | 0.80 (0.17) | 0.75 (0.18) | 20.4 | 4.8 | 19.6 | 51.6 | 34.8 |
| No | 873 | 0.84 (0.16) | 0.79 (0.16) | 11.5 | 1.9 | 11.6 | 38.9 | 31.5 |
| ACS diagnosis | p=0.002 | p<0.001 | p=0.006 | p=0.538 | p=0.833 | p=0.003 | p=0.276 | |
| Unstable angina | 84 | 0.78 (0.18) | 0.74 (0.17) | 29.8 | 4.7 | 11.9 | 58.3 | 43.2 |
| NSTEMI | 746 | 0.80 (0.16) | 0.74 (0.18) | 15.5 | 3.9 | 16.1 | 49.3 | 34.6 |
| STEMI | 1052 | 0.83 (0.16) | 0.78 (0.17) | 15.7 | 3.0 | 16.1 | 42.2 | 32.0 |
| BMI | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.002 | p=0.003 | p<0.001 | p=0.139 | |
| Normal | 600 | 0.82 (0.16) | 0.78 (0.17) | 14.7 | 3.8 | 14.3 | 45.3 | 32.2 |
| Overweight | 865 | 0.82 (0.16) | 0.77 (0.17) | 13.6 | 2.1 | 14.5 | 42.4 | 33.3 |
| Obese | 392 | 0.78 (0.18) | 0.73 (0.19) | 24.0 | 6.1 | 21.9 | 54.8 | 34.9 |
| HF at baseline | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.009 | p=0.129 | |
| Killip 1 | 1675 | 0.83 (0.16) | 0.77 (0.17) | 15.1 | 2.8 | 14.7 | 44.8 | 32.7 |
| Killip 2-4 | 188 | 0.76 (0.18) | 0.72 (0.20) | 27.1 | 9.6 | 26.1 | 54.8 | 39.9 |
| Cardiac Rehabilitation | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.038 | p<0.001 | p=0.673 | |
| Yes | 1308 | 0.83 (0.16) | 0.78 (0.17) | 13.2 | 2.3 | 15.0 | 41.7 | 33.8 |
| No | 545 | 0.79 (0.18) | 0.74 (0.19) | 23.1 | 6.4 | 18.7 | 55.4 | 31.7 |
| Heart rate at 1-year | p <0.001 | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.002 | p<0.001 | p=0.011 | p=0.137 | |
| <60 bpm | 426 | 0.84 (0.15) | 0.79 (0.16) | 9.6 | 1.1 | 11.3 | 39.7 | 29.6 |
| 60-80 bpm | 1106 | 0.82 (0.16) | 0.77 (0.17) | 16.6 | 3.4 | 15.5 | 46.8 | 33.3 |
| >80 bpm | 350 | 0.78 (0.18) | 0.72 (0.19) | 23.1 | 6.3 | 22.9 | 49.7 | 37.7 |
| MACCE or bleeding event | p<0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.002 | p<0.001 | p=0.001 | p<0.001 | p=0.372 | |
| Yes | 287 | 0.78 (0.18) | 0.71 (0.19) | 23.3 | 7.7 | 23.3 | 58.9 | 36.6 |
| No | 1595 | 0.82 (0.16) | 0.77 (0.17) | 15.0 | 2.7 | 14.5 | 43.4 | 32.7 |
ACS, acute coronary syndromes; BMI, body mass index; EQ-5D, EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire; HF, heart failure; MACCE, major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events; NSTEMI, Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; STEMI, ST-elevation myocardial infarction.