TABLE 4.
Health benefits after RS training in healthy participants: body composition, bone mineral density, blood pressure, metabolic and cardiac adaptations.
| Study: Authors/Years |
Participants: N/sex/Age(years) |
Training:Type/duration/volume/intensity (Fc max) | Adaptations: Body composition, Blood pressure, metabolic and cardiac function | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Andersen et al. [6] | 37/ F/36.5±8.2 | 16 weeks: 2 x 1h/week | Mean BP: | Right ventricular diameter | Peak systolic velocity | |
| A) RS B) RN C) Control |
A) ↓6% B) ↓3.7% C) NC |
A) ↑12%* B) ↑10%* C) NC |
A) ↑26%* B) ↑17%* C) NC |
|||
| Bangsbo et al. [31] | 53/F/19– 47 | 16 weeks, 2 x 1h/week | Muscle enzymes | Number of capillaries per fibre | ||
| CS | HAD | |||||
| A) RS B) RN C) Control |
A) ↑9% B) ↑12% C) NC |
A) ↑8% B) NC C) NC |
A) ↑18%* B) NC C) NC |
|||
| Barene et al. [30] | 118/F/ 45.8 | 40 weeks: 0-12 week: 5 x 1h/week 12-40 week: 2-3 x 1h/week. | % fat | Total BMC (g) | Plasma osteocalcin (µg/l) | Plasma leptin (µg/l) |
| A) RS B) Zumba training C) Control |
A) ↓1.2%* B) ↓2.2% * C) NC |
A) ↑39.3 * B) NC C) NC |
A) ↑6.6* B) NC C) NC |
A) ↓6.6* B) NC C) NC |
||
| Connolly et al. [33] | 44/ F/ 20-45 | 16 weeks: 2 x 13,5 min/week: | BF (%): | Decrease of PCr: | ||
| A) RS B) Vibration training C) Control |
A) ↓ 1.7 ± 2.4% * B) NC B) NC |
A) ↓ 4 ± 8% B) NC B) NC |
||||
| Helge et al. [5] | 65/ F/ 36.5 | 14 weeks: | Total v BMD in left tibia: | Total v BMD in right tibia: | ||
| A) RS: 1.8 x 1h/week B) RN: 1.9 x 1h/week C) Control |
A) ↑ 2.6%* B) ↑ 0.7%* C) NC |
A) 2.1%* B) 1.1%* C) NC |
||||
| Helge et al. [28] | 36/M/68.2 | 12 months: 2-3 x 40-50min/week: | BMD in proximal femur | Plasma osteocalcin | ||
| A) RS B) RST C) Control |
A) ↑5.4%* B) NC C) NC |
A) ↑46%* B) NC C) NC |
||||
| Krustrup et al. [24] | 38/M/20-43 | 12 weeks: 2-3 x1h/week: | muscle fibre area | number of capillaries per fibre | ||
| A) RS B) RN C) Control |
A) ↑15%* B) NC C) NC |
A) ↑22%* B) ↑16%* C) NC |
||||
| Krustrup et al. [25] | 36/M/20-43 | 12weeks: 2-3 x 1h/week: | Fat mass | LDL-cholesterol | ||
| A) RS B) RN C) Control |
A) ↓3.0%* B) ↓1.8%* C) NC |
A) ↓14.81%* B) NC C) NC |
||||
| Krustrup et al. [26] | 97 (43M, 54F)/9–10 | 10 Weeks: 3 x 40 min/week: | left ventricular posterior wall diameter (mm) | [2]Global isovolumetric relaxationTime (ms) | ||
| A) RS B) Control |
A) ↑ 0.4 ± 0.7 B) ↓ 0.1± 0.6 |
A) ↑3.8 ± 10.4 * B) ↓0.9 ± 6.6 |
||||
| Randers et al. [9] | 17/M/20-43 | 12 weeks: 2.4 x 1h/week | Mean fiber area | SBP (mmHg) | Leg bone density | Leg bone mass |
| 54 weeks: 1.3 x 1h/week A) RS: 81-82% HRmax B) Control |
A) ↑10%* B) NC |
A) ↓8* B) NC |
A) ↑2%* B)NC |
A) ↑3.5%* B) NC |
||
Note: RS = recreational soccer training; RN = running training; RST = resistance training; BP = blood pressure; BMD = bone mineral density, M = male; F =female; NC= Non-significant changes; ↑ = improvement; ↓ = decrease; LBM = lean body mass; BMC = Bone mineral content; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HDL = High-density lipoprotein.