Figure 2.

Pneumonia. The figure illustrates the need for a sequential approach for obtaining all the imaging information available. The value of indirect sonographic signs is shown in the same young boy with pneumonia as described in Figure 1. The overview with a curved array transducer shows BLA to a depth of 12 cm. A more detailed view with a high frequency transducer shows artifacts similar to BLA with much less depth penetration and additionally ALA. Examination with the same high frequency transducer then focuses on the direct ultrasound findings including pleural effusion, pleural thickening of the parietal and visceral pleura subpleural consolidations and additional the accompanying artefacts. BLA, B-line artifact; ALA, A-line artifact.