Table 2.

Starch, trace element, soluble sugar, and amino acid contents of different substrates.

Nutrients	Defatted soybean	Defatted peanut	Defatted wheat	Defatted corn	Defatted corn endosperm	Defatted corn germ
Starch content (%)
Starch	5.26 ± 0.94E	7.01 ± 0.71E	67.22 ± 2.87C	72.21 ± 1.97B	82.19 ± 1.11A	28.12 ± 0.76D
Trace elements contents (mg/kg)
Copper	25.33 ± 9.41AB	34.63 ± 2.44A	12.12 ± 1.90CD	6.89 ± 0.35D	6.79 ± 1.70D	19.86 ± 3.21BC
Iron	93.47 ± 0.22B	64.18 ± 7.68C	83.97 ± 8.51B	21.95 ± 4.15D	6.23 ± 3.36D	145.05 ± 11.31A
Zinc	51.90 ± 4.07C	84.40 ± 10.88B	39.14 ± 3.23D	18.96 ± 1.52E	12.47 ± 0.91E	107.47 ± 1.94A
Manganese	36.19 ± 0.65B	59.86 ± 1.92A	60.30 ± 0.15A	5.28 ± 0.18D	2.13 ± 0.22E	30.54 ± 0.27C
Soluble sugar concentrations (mg/g)
Fructose	3.89 ± 1.65BC	11.12 ± 2.06A	1.94 ± 0.06C	7.72 ± 0.18AB	1.88 ± 0.24C	9.67 ± 2.65A
Glucose	1.61 ± 0.52B	4.92 ± 1.12B	4.01 ± 0.13B	4.95 ± 0.12B	7.21 ± 0.07B	13.75 ± 4.27A
Sucrose	31.17 ± 5.05A	32.5 ± 0.46A	2.24 ± 0.12B	2.15 ± 0.33B	5.07 ± 0.1B	42.36 ± 9.19A
Maltose	0.63 ± 0.14C	0.54 ± 0.07C	4.10 ± 0.35B	4.05 ± 0.35B	7.96 ± 0.60A	1.66 ± 0.28C
Raffinose	3.32 ± 0.41B	2.08 ± 0.27B	3.00 ± 0.05B	1.11 ± 0.17B	1.16 ± 0.03B	10.71 ± 2.62A
Stachyose	34.71 ± 7.39A	6.78 ± 0.98B	0.36 ± 0.06B	NDB	NDB	0.72 ± 0.10B
Amino acid contents (%)
Aspartic acid	6.3 ± 0.38	7.70 ± 0.23	0.74 ± 0.04	0.54 ± 0.01	0.51 ± 0.15	1.81 ± 0.05
Glutamic acid	10.56 ± 0.57	13.89 ± 0.39	4.56 ± 0.24	1.72 ± 0.01	1.93 ± 0.20	3.33 ± 0.05
Glycine	2.46 ± 0.10	3.35 ± 0.15	0.55 ± 0.03	0.34 ± 0.00	0.30 ± 0.02	1.16 ± 0.02
Arginine	3.81 ± 0.18	6.95 ± 0.18	0.65 ± 0.04	0.43 ± 0.00	0.37 ± 0.03	1.73 ± 0.04
Alanine	2.58 ± 0.11	2.97 ± 0.06	0.51 ± 0.03	0.61 ± 0.01	0.66 ± 0.01	1.37 ± 0.01
Protein level	45.11 ± 2.53	55.45 ± 1.82	12.25 ± 0.37	8.36 ± 0.09	8.60 ± 1.20	19.47 ± 0.42

^A–EMeans within rows followed by the same letter are not significantly different at P ≥ 0.01 according to Duncan's multiple range test (n = 3).