Skip to main content
. 2016 May 20;4(10):e12791. doi: 10.14814/phy2.12791

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Activation of Akt/mTOR signaling or CaMKII/HDAC4 signaling in TA muscle of WT and Epac1KO in response to chronic CB treatment. (A–B) Activation of Akt/mTOR signaling was examined by measuring phosphorylated and total Akt (A) and S6K1 (B) in TA of WT and Epac1KO after chronic CB treatment for 3 weeks. Significant increases of phosphorylated Akt (Ser 476) and S6K1 (Thr 389) molecules were observed in WT (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. Control by Tukey's test, n = 4–6), but not in Epac1KO (P = NS vs. Control by Tukey's test, n = 5–6). (C–D) Phosphorylated and total CaMKII (C) and HDAC4 (D) in WT and Epac1KO after chronic CB infusion. Phosphorylation of both CaMKII (Thr 286) and HDAC4 (Ser 246) was significantly increased in WT (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. Control by Tukey's test, n = 5–6), but not in Epac1KO (P = NS vs. Control by Tukey's test, n = 4–6). The amount of expression in WT treated with saline was taken as 100% in each determination and representative immnunoblotting results are shown for phosphorylated and total Akt, S6K1, CaMKII, and HDAC4.