Table 2.
Comparison of various studies that have investigated GICS use in high-risk cardiac surgery patients.
| AUTHOR | TYPE OF STUDY | SUBGROUP | OUTCOME | GICS | NO GICS | P-VALUE |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bennett-Guerrero et al31 | Multicenter RCT, 1502 pts | All pts | Any SWI (ITT) | 8.4% | 8.7% | 0.83 |
| Any SWI (PP) | 8.4% | 8.6% | 0.89 | |||
| BMI > 30 | Any SWI | 8.1% | 4.2% | 0.07 | ||
| Diabetes | Any SWI | 4% | 5.4% | 0.52 | ||
| BMI > 30 + diabetes | Any SWI | 11.1% | 13.8% | 0.30 | ||
| Friberg et al16 | Two-centers RCT, 2000 pts | All pts | Any SWI | 4.3% | 9% | <0.001 |
| SSWI | 1.9% | 5.7% | <0.001 | |||
| DSWI | 2.3% | 3.3% | 0.20 | |||
| No reoperation or early death | SSWI | 2.7% | 6.7% | <0.001 | ||
| DSWI | 2.1% | 3.3% | 0.088 | |||
| Diabetes | SSWI | 1.67% | 7.47% | 0.0086 | ||
| DSWI | 3.89% | 9.77% | 0.028 | |||
| BMI > 25 | SSWI | 2.16% | 6.45% | <0.001 | ||
| DSWI | 2.47% | 4.45% | 0.050 | |||
| Birgand et al35 | Single center CS, 552 pts | BIMA + BMI > 30 or ID diabetes | DSWI | 12.6% | 13.8% | NS |
Abbreviations: BIMA, bilateral internal mammary; CS, cohort study; DSWI, deep sternal wound infection; BMI, body mass index; GICS, gentamicin-impregnated collagen sponge; ID, insulin-dependent; ITT, intention-to-treat; NS, not significant; PP, per-protocol; pts, patients; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SSWI, superficial sternal wound infection; SWI, sternal wound infection.