FIG 1.

VP24 inhibits ISD-mediated production of IFN-β and the activation of IFN-β promoter induced by cGAS-STING or STING alone. (A) HFF-shNC/shVP24 cells were infected with HSV-1 for 16 h at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5. Cells were harvested and subjected to WB to analyze the VP24 and UL42 protein. (B) HFF-shNC/shVP24 cells were infected with HSV-1 for 2 h before ISD transfection at an MOI of 5. Cells were harvested at 8 hpi and subjected to qRT-PCR to analyze the IFN-β mRNA. (C and D) VP24-Flag plasmid was cotransfected into HEK 293T cells with an IFN-β reporter plasmid (200 ng), cGAS (15 ng), and a minimal amount of STING plasmid (2.5 ng) or a large amount of STING plasmid (200 ng), respectively. Renilla luciferase reporter plasmid (pRL-TK; 50 ng) was introduced into each transfection as an internal control to normalize transfection efficiency. Cells were harvested at 24 h posttransfection and subjected to the DLR assay to detect the IFN-β reporter activity. The data represent results from one of the triplicate experiments.