Hepatic and systemic toxicity of YSK13-C3-MEND. Mice were injected with siPLK1 formulated in YSK13-C3-MEND at 0.3 and 1 mg/kg. (a) AST and (b) ALT levels in plasma were measured. (c) Body weight was measured just before injection and at 24 hours. Data are expressed as a percentage of weight change. Data are represented as the mean ± SD (n = 3). ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; MEND, multifunctional envelope-type nanodevice; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PLK1, polo-like kinase 1.