Table 1.

Comparison of classical ethosomes, binary ethosomes, and transethosomes in their initial suspension form

Parameter	Classical ethosomes	Binary ethosomes	Transethosomes
Composition	1. Phospholipids 2. Ethanol 3. Stabilizer 4. Charge inducer 5. Water 6. Drug/agent	1. Phospholipids 2. Ethanol 3. Propylene glycol (PG) or other alcohol 4. Charge inducer 5. Water 6. Drug/agent	1. Phospholipids 2. Ethanol 3. Edge activator (surfactant) or penetration enhancer 4. Charge inducer 5. Water 6. Drug/agent
Morphology	Spherical	Spherical	Regular or irregular spherical shapes
Size	Smaller than the classical liposomes	Equal to or smaller than classical ethosomes	Size based on type and concentration of penetration enhancer or edge activator used
ζ-Potential	Negatively charged	Negatively charged	Positively or negatively charged
Entrapment efficiency	Higher than classical liposomes	Typically higher than classical ethosomes	Typically higher than classical ethosomes
Skin permeation	Typically higher than classical liposomes	Typically equal to or higher than classical ethosomes	Typically higher than classical ethosomes
Stability	Stabler than classical liposomes	Stabler than classical ethosomes	No particular trend determined