Table 2.
Change in clinical characteristics from baseline to one year following baseline
| Characteristics* | Baseline visit | One year after baseline visit | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PD-MCI | AD-MCI | p-value | PD-MCI | AD-MCI | p-value | |
| Diagnosis of dementia, n (%) | NA | NA | NA | 2 (4.9%) | 51 (26.7%) | 0.002 |
| CDR sum of boxes, mean (SD) | 1.4 (1.2) | 1.1 (1.0) | 0.13 | 1.3 (1.2) | 1.8 (1.5) | 0.06 |
| Depressive symptoms, n (%) | 11 (31.4%) | 17 (11.9%) | 0.004 | 9 (28.1%) | 26 (16.6%) | 0.13 |
| Visual or auditory hallucinations, n (%) | 2 (5.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.04 | 1 (3.1%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0.31 |
| REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), n (%) | 10 (33.3%) | 2 (1.5%) | <.001 | 7 (21.9%) | 3 (1.9%) | <.001 |
| Impaired visuospatial function†, n (%) | 3 (10.3%) | 26 (16.1%) | 0.60 | 5 (14.7%) | 44 (26.4%) | 0.15 |
| Motor symptoms‡, n (%) | 35 (100.0%) | 27 (18.8%) | <.001 | 32 (100.0%) | 35 (22.2%) | <.001 |
| UPDRS motor score (range: 0-108), mean (SD) | 19.3 (8.8) | 4.7 (3.8) | NC | 20.0 (9.5) | 6.7 (6.4) | NC |
| UPDRS PIGD score (range: 0-16), mean (SD) | 3.2 (2.6) | 1.7 (2.2) | NC | 3.7 (2.6) | 1.9 (2.5) | NC |
| UPDRS tremor score (range: 0-28), mean (SD) | 2.7 (2.8) | 0.8 (1.3) | NC | 2.6 (2.7) | 1.1 (1.7) | NC |
| Anticholinergic use, n (%) | 3 (7.3%) | 2 (1.1%) | 0.05 | 4 (9.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.001 |
| Amantadine use, n (%) | 9 (22.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | <.001 | 9 (22.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | <.001 |
| Dopaminergic use, n (%) | 38 (92.7%) | 2 (1.2%) | <.001 | 38 (92.7%) | 2 (1.1%) | <.001 |
| Cholinesterase inhibitor use, n (%) | 7 (17.1%) | 33 (18.5%) | 0.83 | 9 (22.0%) | 49 (27.5%) | 0.47 |
| Memantine use, n (%) | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (6.7%) | 0.13 | 0 (0.0%) | 16 (9.0%) | 0.05 |
| Antipsychotic use, n (%) | 2 (4.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.03 | 4 (9.8%) | 1 (0.6%) | 0.005 |
| RBD medication use, n (%) | 4 (9.8%) | 4 (2.3%) | 0.04 | 7 (17.1%) | 4 (2.3%) | <.001 |
| Antidepressant use, n (%) | 14 (34.2%) | 31 (17.4%) | 0.02 | 14 (34.2%) | 33 (18.5%) | 0.03 |
Abbreviations: PD-MCI = mild cognitive impairment due to Parkinson's disease; AD-MCI = mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease; CDR = Clinical Dementia Rating; SD = standard deviation; REM = rapid eye movement; UPDRS = Uniform Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale; PIGD = postural instability/gait disorder; NC = Not calculated (insufficient sample size)
Number of participants missing data (baseline visit, one year later): Impaired visuospatial function: PD (12,7), AD (29,24); Depression: PD (6,9), AD (48,34); Hallucinations: PD (6,9), AD (47,33); RBD: PD (11,9), AD (57,36); Any motor symptoms PD (6, 9), AD (,); UPDRS motor score: PD (0,2), AD (118,114); UPDRS PIGD: PD (0,2), AD (116,114); UPDRS tremor: PD (0,1), AD (114,112); Anticholinergics: PD (0,0), AD (13,13); Amantadine: PD (0,0), AD (13,13); Dopaminergics: PD (0,0), AD (13,13); Antipsychotics: PD (0,0), AD (13,13); RBD medications: PD (0,0), AD (13,13); Antidepressants: PD (0,0), AD (13,13)
Did not answer the MMSE pentagon test correctly
Gait disorder, tremor, falls, or bradykinesia