Table 4. Mixed Effects Modeling of Explanatory Variables as a Function of Time and Latent Class Membership.
| Trajectory Class, Mean (SD) | Mixed Effects Model, p-value |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Variable | Possib le Range |
Tim e |
Class 1 (n=92): Stable: Lowest Negative Screens |
Class 2 (n=24): Stable: Medium/L ow Negative Screens |
Class 3 (n=5): Inconstant: Negative/Pos itive Screens |
Class 4 (n=3): Inconstant: Negative/ High Positive Screens |
Class 5 (n=5): Stable : High Positi ve Scree ns |
Class | Time | Class*Ti me |
| Overall Risk for PAD | ||||||||||
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| PDPI-R total | 0-32 | 1 | 2.30 (1.97) | 5.27 (3.31) | 4.00 (1.73) | 7.33 (4.04) | 7.75 (4.86) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 3vs4 | <0.0011vs2; 1vs3 | 0.003T1: 1vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5 T2: 1vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 3vs4; 3vs5 T3: 1vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 3vs4 |
| 0-32 | 2 | 3.44 (2.90) | 7.40 (3.98) | 4.75 (2.22) | 14.00 (5.66) | 11.50 (4.93) | ||||
| 0-39 | 3 | 3.61 (2.97) | 7.35 (3.94) | 6.50 (2.38) | 15.33 (0.58) | 11.00 (7.12) | ||||
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| Interpersonal Variables | ||||||||||
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| PSS-Fa: Family Support | 0-20 | 1 | 15.23 (5.29) | 14.00 (6.24) | 11.40 (5.03) | 7.67 (10.79) | 12.25 (7.93) | 0.011(1,2)vs(3,4,5) | 0.095 | 0.226 |
| 2 | 15.68 (5.27) | 15.52 (5.55) | 9.40 (6.50) | 7.00 (9.64) | 6.00 (3.56) | |||||
| 3 | 15.26 (5.68) | 14.67 (6.16) | 11.40 (7.30) | 8.67 (9.61) | 9.25 (6.65) | |||||
| PSS-Fr: Friend Support | 0-20 | 1 | 15.52 (4.40) | 14.32 (5.01) | 14.00 (5.48) | 9.00 (1.73) | 13.75 (8.26) | 0.0021vs4; 2vs4; 3vs4 | 0.457 | 0.220 |
| 2 | 15.80 (3.82) | 15.10 (5.19) | 15.60 (2.07) | 3.33 (1.15) | 12.00 (8.83) | |||||
| 3 | 14.85 (4.96) | 14.33 (5.20) | 14.40 (2.70) | 5.00 (3.61) | 13.75 (9.25) | |||||
| Partner's Enthusiasm Being Parent | 1-7 | 1 | 6.56 (0.69) β,γ | 6.50 (0.67) | 6.60 (0.55) | 5.67 (1.53) | 6.75 (0.50) | 0.0061vs4; 2vs4; 3vs4; 4vs5 | 0.0011vs3; 2vs3 | 0.486 |
| 2 | 6.56 (0.61) | 6.38 (0.86) | 6.80 (0.45) | 5.33 (1.53) | 6.75 (0.50) | |||||
| 3 | 6.33 (0.77) | 6.39 (0.61) | 6.40 (0.89) | 4.67 (1.53) | 6.00 (0.82) | |||||
| Partner's Enthusiasm Being Adoptive Parent | 1-7 | 1 | 6.54 (0.71) | 6.50 (0.67) | 6.20 (0.84) | 5.67 (1.53) | 6.50 (0.58) | 0.0171vs4; 2vs4 | <0.0011vs3; 2vs3 | 0.053 |
| 2 | 6.49 (0.69) | 6.33 (0.97) | 6.80 (0.45) | 5.33 (1.53) | 6.75 (0.50) | |||||
| 3 | 6.31 (0.78) | 6.33 (0.59) | 5.60 (0.55) | 4.67 (1.53) | 6.00 (0.82) | |||||
| IRQ: Love | 10-90 | 1 | 85.04 (4.24) | 80.40 (8.36) | 78.60 (8.73) | 71.33 (8.08) | 80.75 (4.79) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs4; 2vs4; 3vs4; 4vs5 | 0.0051vs2; 1vs3 | 0.254 |
| 2 | 84.03 (4.98) | 78.86 (8.42) | 80.00 (6.40) | 64.00 (10.82) | 78.00 (12.08) | |||||
| 3 | 83.42 (5.22) | 78.65 (12.06) | 79.00 (9.80) | 64.00 (8.89) | 78.25 (6.85) | |||||
| IRQ: Maintenance | 5-45 | 1 | 36.17 (5.48) | 34.91 (6.44) | 33.40 (5.37) | 27.33 (8.50) | 31.50 (8.70) | <0.0011vs4; 2vs4; 3vs4; 4vs5 | 0.0091vs2; 1vs3 | 0.337 |
| 2 | 34.54 (5.40) | 32.95 (7.06) | 33.20 (6.22) | 19.00 (10.58) | 33.25 (6.95) | |||||
| 3 | 34.43 (6.33) | 33.56 (6.33) | 30.60 (10.06) | 19.00 (3.46) | 31.75 (6.18) | |||||
| IRQ: Ambivalence | 5-45 | 1 | 6.09 (2.07) | 8.77 (6.36) β | 10.00 (7.87) | 6.00 (1.00)α,β,γ | 10.00 (3.16) α,β | <0.0011vs2; 1vs3; 1vs5 | <0.0011vs2; 1vs3; 2vs3 | <0.001T1: NS T2: 1vs3 T3: 1vs2; 1vs4; 2vs4 |
| 2 | 6.46 (2.69) | 9.05 (5.86) | 12.40 (15.45) | 11.00 (1.00) | 11.75 (10.31) | |||||
| 3 | 6.80 (2.66) | 10.17 (7.36) | 13.40 (15.01) | 16.33 (5.51) | 17.50 (12.56) | |||||
| IRQ: Conflict | 5-45 | 1 | 13.14 (4.56)β | 18.59 (6.84) | 18.80 (6.34) | 16.00 (3.61)α,β | 15.75 (3.40) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs3; 1vs3 | <0.0011vs2; 1vs3 | <0.001T1: 1vs2 T2: 1vs2; 1vs4 T3: 2vs3; 2vs4; 3vs4 |
| 2 | 14.04 (4.35) | 18.90 (5.55) | 20.60 (11.55) | 28.00 (8.54) | 17.50 (9.68) | |||||
| 3 | 14.91 (5.41) | 18.44 (7.24) | 21.60 (11.93) | 29.67 (6.43) | 20.00 (5.72) | |||||
| Sexual Relationship | 1-7 | 1 | 5.53 (1.34) α | 4.50 (1.82) | 4.00 (1.83) | 5.00 (1.00) α,β | 4.50 (1.73) | 0.0081vs(2,3,4,5) | 0.0131vs2; 1vs3 | 0.052 |
| 2 | 5.20 (1.41) | 4.67 (1.80) | 4.00 (1.87) | 3.33 (1.15) | 3.75 (1.71) | |||||
| 3 | 5.35 (1.33) | 4.44 (2.04) | 4.20 (2.17) | 3.00 (1.00) | 4.00 (0.82) | |||||
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| Psychological Symptoms | ||||||||||
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| IDAS: Ill Temper | 5-25 | 1 | 6.38 (1.53) | 8.38 (2.62) | 7.00 (1.87) | 7.67 (2.08) | 11.00 (2.31) β | <0.0011vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 3vs4 | <0.0011vs2; 2vs3 | <0.001T1: 1vs2; 1vs5; 3vs5 T2: 1vs2; 1vs4; 2vs4; 3vs4;4vs5 T3: 1vs2; 1vs4; 2vs4; 4vs5 |
| 2 | 6.49 (1.57) | 8.86 (3.02) | 8.40 (2.30) | 15.33 (0.58) | 8.75 (2.63) | |||||
| 3 | 6.61 (2.04) | 8.67 (2.33) | 8.40 (2.51) | 12.33 (0.58) | 7.25 (1.71) | |||||
| IDAS: Social Anxiety | 5-25 | 1 | 6.31 (1.85) | 6.76 (1.55) | 5.00 (0.00) | 7.33 (0.58) | 8.25 (1.89) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs5 | 0.0331vs3 | 0.004T1: 3vs5 T2: 1vs2; 1vs5 T3: 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4 |
| 2 | 6.00 (1.56) | 7.76 | 6.20 (1.30) | 7.33 (1.53) | 8.75 | |||||
| 3 | 6.10 (1.63) | 6.89 (1.71) | 7.00 (1.83) | 10.00 (3.61) | 8.75 (3.10) | |||||
| IDAS: Panic | 8-40 | 1 | 8.58 (1.10) | 9.90 (1.70) | 9.20 (1.30) | 10.67 (3.06) | 10.00 (2.83) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs4 | 0.172 | 0.710 |
| 2 | 8.26 (0.67) | 9.52 (1.72) | 9.40 (2.19) | 10.00 (2.65) | 8.50 (0.58) | |||||
| 3 | 8.19 (0.60) | 9.17 (1.50) | 9.25 (1.50) | 10.67 (2.89) | 9.25 (1.26) | |||||
| IDAS: Traumatic Intrusion | 4-16 | 1 | 4.46 (1.12) | 5.10 (1.26) γ | 4.00 (0.00) β | 6.00 (2.83) | 7.75 (2.63) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 2vs5; 3vs4; 3vs5 | 0.331 | 0.004T1: 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs5; 3vs4; 3vs5 T2: 1vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 2vs5; 3vs4; 3vs5 T3: 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 2vs5 |
| 2 | 4.20 (0.70) | 5.55 (1.67) | 4.20 (0.45) | 8.00 (4.00) | 8.50 (3.00) | |||||
| 3 | 4.24 (0.68) | 4.78 (1.17) | 5.60 (1.82) | 8.00 (3.61) | 7.00 (3.46) | |||||
| Feeling Rested | 1-5 | 1 | 3.63 (0.88) | 2.77 (1.07) | 3.00 (1.83) | 3.67 (1.53) | 2.25 (1.26) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs5 | <0.0011vs2; 1vs3 | 0.065 |
| 2 | 3.27 (0.93) | 2.33 (0.86) | 2.60 (1.34) | 1.67 (0.58) | 1.50 (0.58) | |||||
| 3 | 3.34 (0.80) | 2.83 (1.20) | 2.20 (1.30) | 2.33 (1.15) | 2.00 (0.82) | |||||
| Alcohol Drinking | 1-4 | 1 | 1.62 (0.87) α | 1.59 | 1.50 (0.58) | 1.67 (0.58) | 2.00 | 0.937 | 0.81 | 0.008T1: NS T2: NS T3: NS |
| 2 | 1.54 (0.78) | 1.86 (0.96) | 1.40 (0.55) | 1.67 (0.58) | 2.00 (1.15) | |||||
| 3 | 1.63 (0.80) | 1.71 (0.85) | 2.00 (1.15) | 1.33 (0.58) | 1.67 (1.15) | |||||
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| Life Orientation | ||||||||||
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| LOT-R | 0-24 | 1 | 17.29 (3.59) | 14.71 (3.23) | 16.20 (2.39) | 11.33 (2.08) | 12.00 (3.46) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5 | 0.585 | 0.919 |
| 2 | 17.41 (3.15) | 15.05 (4.09) | 14.60 (3.85) | 10.67 (5.51) | 11.67 (2.52) | |||||
| 3 | 17.28 (3.26) | 15.11 (3.66) | 15.60 (2.61) | 10.67 (4.73) | 11.75 (2.22) | |||||
| Life Satisfaction | 1-10 | 1 | 8.63 (0.75) | 7.82 (1.50) | 8.80 (0.84) | 7.00 (1.73) α,β | 7.50 (1.91) | <0.0011vs2; 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 3vs4; 4vs5; | <0.0011vs2; 1vs3 | 0.007T1: 1vs2; 1vs4 T2: 1vs2; 1vs4; 2vs4; 3vs4; 4vs5 T3: 1vs4; 1vs5; 2vs4; 3vs4 |
| 2 | 8.63 (0.76) | 8.00 (1.05) | 8.40 (0.89) | 4.67 (2.89) | 7.25 (1.50) | |||||
| 3 | 8.53 (0.77) | 7.94 (0.80) | 7.80 (1.30) | 5.33 (2.08) | 7.00 (1.41) | |||||
LOT-R = Life Orientation Test-Revised. PSS-Fa = Perceived Social Support from Family. PSS-Fr = Perceived Social Support from Friends. IRQ = Intimate Relations Questionnaire. IDAS = Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms. PDPI-R = Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised. Alcohol drinking was scored as: 1=no drink, 2=1-2 beverages, 3=3-4 beverages, and 4=more than 4 beverages per week. Higher score indicates a higher score in the direction of the way the variable is described in the table (e.g., higher scores on Life Satisfaction= more satisfaction). Mean and SD are unadjusted mean and SD. P-value was obtained from a mixed effects model. Tukey's post-hoc test was performed to adjust for multiple comparisons. Significant (p<0.05) class and time differences are noted below each p-value. Due to space, for significant interaction, the significant difference in time by each group is specified on the first cell of each group using this notation:
α
= time 1 vs. 2;
β
= time 1 vs. 3; and
γ
= time 2 vs. 3.
NS = no significant differences in any class (at the given time for interaction).