Table 3.
Genes and proteins identified as mediators or modulators of ferroptosis
| Gene | Identification method | Gene product | Gene product function | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TFRC | Candidate gene, RNAi | Transferrin receptor | Import of transferrin-iron complexes | Yang and Stockwell [17], Gao et al. [10] |
| ACSF2 | shRNA screen | Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 2 | Fatty acid metabolism | Dixon et al. [5] |
| EMC2/TTC35 | shRNA screen | ER membrane protein complex subunit 2 | Unknown. Possible role in protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum | Dixon et al. [5] |
| RPL8 | shRNA screen | Ribosomal protein L8 | Core component of the ribosomal large subunit involved in protein synthesis. | Dixon et al. [5] |
| IREB2 | shRNA screen | Iron-responsive element binding protein 2 | Master regulator of iron homeostasis | Dixon et al. [5] |
| SLC7A11 | Candidate gene approach | Solute carrier family 7 (anionic amino acid transporter light chain, xc- system), member 11 | Cystine/glutamate antiporter. | Dixon et al. [5] |
| CS | shRNA screen | Citrate synthase | Lipid metabolism | Dixon et al. [5] |
| ATP5G3 | shRNA screen | ATP synthase, H + transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit C3 (subunit 9) | Complex V of mitochondrial FoF1 ATPase; ATP synthesis | Dixon et al. [5] |
| GPX4 | Candidate gene approach | Glutathione peroxidase 4 | Lipid repair | Yang et al. [6] |
| GCLC | Candidate gene approach | Glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit | Glutathione synthesis | Yang et al. [6] |
| ACSL4 | Human haploid cell genetic screen | Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 | Lipid metabolism | Dixon et al. [51] |
| LPCAT3 | Human haploid cell genetic screen | Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 | Lipid metabolism | Dixon et al. [51] |
| CARS, EPRS, HARS | Genome-wide siRNA screen | Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase | Protein translation | Hayano et al. [67] |
| SLC1A5 | Candidate gene approach | Solute carrier family 1 (neutral amino acid transporter), member 5 | Glutamine transport | Gao et al. [10] |
| GLS2 | Candidate gene approach | Glutaminase 2 (liver, mitochondrial) | Glutaminolysis | Gao et al. [10] |
| GOT1 | Candidate gene approach | Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1, soluble | Glutaminolysis | Gao et al. [10] |
| HSPB1 | Candidate gene approach | Heat shock 27 kDa protein 1 | Protein folding; iron metabolism | Sun et al. [87] |
| TP53 | Candidate gene approach | Tumor protein p53 | Tumor suppressor, metabolic regulator | Jiang et al. [11] |