Table 4.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) characteristics: univariate and multivariate analyses of predictors of response to tDCSa
| Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor and comparison | OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P |
| Cathode position, RSO v. F4 | 0.83 (0.05–15) | 0.9 | ||
| Session duration, 20min v. 30 min | 13.44 (2.89–62.2) | 0.001 | 16 (1.6–162)b | 0.02b |
| Current dose, 1 mA v.2mA | 1.42 (0.28–13.1) | 0.98 | ||
| Number of weeks of stimulation | ||||
| 1 week | Reference | |||
| 2 weeks | 1.71 (0.48–6) | 0.4 | ||
| 3 weeks | 1.42 (0.06–33) | 0.82 | ||
| Number of sessions, continuous (5–15) | 1.44 (0.95–2.18) | 0.09 | ||
| tDCS dose | ||||
| <36C or < 10285 C/m2 | Reference | 4.9 (1.2–20.1)c | 0.03c | |
| 36 C or 10285–14400 C/m2 | 4.8 (0.53–42) | 0.16 | ||
| 43.2 C or 17280 C/m2 | 27.4 (1.5–481) | 0.024 | ||
RSO, right supraorbital area; F4, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
a.
Number of sessions and number of weeks of stimulation are different variables because there were studies performing tDCS sessions once daily, twice daily or on alternated days. Please refer to the main text for details.
b.
Results are from Model 1 that includes treatment-resistant depression and session duration.
c.
Results are for Model 2 that includes treatment-resistant depression and tDCS dose.