Table 1. The Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Due to Some Selected Treatments in Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Carriers and Non-Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Carriers.

Risk	HBsAg+	HBsAg−, anti-HBc+
Very high (> 20%)	Rituximab; ofatumumab; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	NA
High (10 – 20%)	Doxorubicin; epirubicin; high dose of prednisone (> 20 mg, > 4 weeks); Anti-CD52 (alemtuzumab)	Rituximab; ofatumumab
Moderate (1 – 10%)	Infliximab; etanercept; adalimumab; ustekinumab; natalizumab; vedolizumab; imantinib; nilotinib; combination cytotoxic chemotherapy (without corticosteroids); anti-rejection therapy for solid organ transplant recipients; moderate prednisone therapy (> 20 mg, < 4 weeks)	Infliximab; etanercept; adalimumab; ustekinumab; natalizumab; vedolizumab; imantinib; nilotinib
Low (< 1%)	Methotrexate; azathioprine; 6-mercaptopurine; mild prednisone therapy (< 20 mg, < 1 week)	NA
Rare (< 1%)	NA	Methotrexate; azathioprine