Relationships between bone morphogenetic protein/growth and differentiation factor (BMP/GDF) ligands, type II receptors, type I receptors, and Smad proteins in signal transduction. BMP-1 is a metalloproteinase and is not a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family. Structurally related ligands, receptors, and Smad proteins are grouped and shown in the same boxes.