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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Soc Sci Res. 2015 Mar 14;52:422–439. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.02.011

Table 3.

MZ Twin Fixed Effects, Bivariate and Multivariate, for GPA and PPVT

GPA PPVT
Bivariate Multivariate Bivariate Multivariate
Behavioral & Attitudinal
    Substance Use −0.053 * −0.018 # −0.453 −0.426 #
    Delinquency −0.539 * −0.466 # −2.179 0.669 #
    College Aspirations 0.126 ** 0.102 # 0.453 0.181 #
    College Probability 0.030 −0.012 # 0.184 0.163 #
    No Breakfast −0.133 −0.120 # −1.174 −1.931 #
    Violence −0.062 0.053 # −0.967 0.029 #
    School Effort 0.092 −0.017 −1.038 −0.057
    Parental Aspirations −0.010 0.047 # −0.115 −0.502 #
Extracurricular Participation
    All Clubs 0.032 −0.005 # 0.280 0.547 #
    Academic Clubs 0.056 * 0.074 # 0.246 −0.108 #
Network Structure
    Density −0.055 0.011 2.480 −0.146
    Centrality 0.038 0.018 # −0.271 0.910 #
    Popularity −0.011 −0.023 # 0.007 −0.409 #
Network Content
    Interactions 0.001 0.038 # 0.010 −1.737 #
    School Effort −0.014 −0.024 # 0.949 −0.103
    School Difficulty 0.014 0.002 # −0.155 0.031
    Delinquency −0.011 −0.068 # −0.090 1.479 #
    Race Heterogeneity 0.154 −0.010 # −4.232 1.266 #
    Age Heterogeneity −0.156 −0.129 # −2.410 −2.228 #
    College Probability 0.004 0.178 # 0.019 −3.272 #
    Middle Class Probability 0.015 −0.231 # 0.767 −0.717 #
Intercept (Varies) 3.217 (Varies) 99.522

NOTE:

*

p<.05

**

p<.01

#

Statistically equivalent to bivariate estimates