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. 2016 Jun 1;11(6):e0156552. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156552

Fig 5. HTCCs with different DS effectively inhibit HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E HCoV-OC43, and HCoV-HKU1 infection.

Fig 5

LLC-Mk2 cells were infected with HCoV-NL63 in the presence of HTCCs with DS ranging from 57% to 77% at a concentration of 200 μg/ml or control medium. Likewise, MRC-5 cells were infected with HCoV-229E and HCT-8 cells were infected with HCoV-OC43 in the presence of HTCCs with DS ranging from 57% to 77% at 200 μg/ml or control medium. HAE cultures were infected with HCoV-HKU1 in the presence of HTCCs with DS ranging from 57% to 77% (200 μg/ml) or PBS (control). (A) Virus replication in cell culture supernatants (cell lines) or apical lavages (HAE) was evaluated using quantitative RT-PCR. Data are presented as Log Removal Value (LRV) compared to untreated samples. The assays were performed in triplicate, and average values with standard errors are presented. * P < 0.05. (B) Cytotoxicity of HTCCs with DS ranging from 57% to 77% in cell lines and HAE cultures. Cell viability was assessed via XTT assay. Data on the y-axis represent the percentage values obtained for the untreated reference samples. All assays were performed in triplicate in at least two independent experiments, and average values with standard errors are presented. The differences in cytotoxicity of HTCCs were not statistically significant.