Table 2.
Patient characteristics by treatment classification for non-faecium, non-faecalis vancomycin-resistant enterococcal bloodstream infections (VRE BSIs)
| Characteristic | β-Lactam treatment (n = 28)a | Anti-VRE treatment (n = 20)a | P-valueb |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) [median (IQR)] | 67 (59–77) | 65 (57–78) | 0.818 |
| Male sex | 27 (96.4) | 20 (100) | 1.000 |
| Enterococcus gallinarum BSI | 16 (57.1) | 13 (65.0) | 0.583 |
| Enterococcus casseliflavus BSI | 12 (42.9) | 7 (35.0) | 0.583 |
| Polymicrobial bacteraemiac | 5 (17.9) | 5 (25.0) | 0.721 |
| Infection source | |||
| Line | 6 (21.4) | 13 (65.0) | 0.003 |
| Genitourinary | 3 (10.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.255 |
| Abdominal/biliary | 13 (46.4) | 1 (5.0) | 0.003 |
| Undocumented | 6 (21.4) | 6 (30.0) | 0.520 |
| Facility complexity leveld | |||
| 1a | 23 (82.1) | 15 (75.0) | 0.721 |
| 1b | 2 (7.1) | 1 (5.0) | 1.000 |
| 1c | 3 (10.7) | 2 (10.0) | 1.000 |
| 2 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (10.0) | 0.168 |
| ICU admission | 9 (32.1) | 12 (60.0) | 0.055 |
| Charlson co-morbidity index [median (IQR)] | 4 (3–5) | 4 (3–5) | 0.708 |
| Past myocardial infarction | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.0) | 0.417 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1 (3.6) | 1 (5.0) | 1.000 |
| Dementia | 1 (3.6) | 2 (10.0) | 0.563 |
| Mild liver disease | 2 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.504 |
| Diabetes, uncomplicated | 5 (17.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.046 |
| Diabetes, with end-organ damage | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Hemiplegia | 1 (3.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 |
| Moderate or severe renal disease | 1 (3.6) | 1 (5.0) | 1.000 |
| Any malignancy | 2 (7.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0.504 |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 2 (7.1) | 4 (20.0) | 0.218 |
| Neutropenia | 3 (10.7) | 6 (30.0) | 0.137 |
| APACHE II score [median (IQR)] | 6 (3–7) | 6 (3–6) | 0.757 |
IQR, interquartile range; ICU, intensive care unit; APACHE, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation.
a
Data are n (%) unless otherwise stated.
b
Categorical variables were compared by χ2 or Fisher’s exact test, and continuous variables were compared by Mann–Whitney U-test.
c
±72 h of index VRE blood culture.
d
Facility complexity designation at the time of index non-faecium, non-faecalis VRE blood culture. Facility complexity levels are determined based on patient population, complexity of clinical services and education/research, with level 1a designated as the most complex.