Table 4.
Subgroup Analyses
| Outcomes | Factor | Crude OR (95% CI) | Studies, n | I 2, % (P Value) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Studies, n | I 2, % (P Value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage | sICH definition | ||||||
| NINDS | 1.59 (1.26–1.99) | 7 | 28.1 (0.21) | 1.05 (0.97–1.15) | 3 | 0.0 (0.78) | |
| ECASS II | 1.75 (1.42–2.16) | 7 | 16.8 (0.30) | 1.10 (0.99–1.21) | 3 | 0.0 (0.55) | |
| SITS‐MOST | 2.47 (1.92–3.17) | 5 | 0.0 (0.82) | 2.27 (0.86–5.97) | 3 | 75.6 (0.02) | |
| Onset‐to‐treatment time | |||||||
| 0–3 h | 1.59 (1.34–1.88) | 10 | 44.8 (0.06) | 3.18 (0.38–26.35) | 2 | 87.5 (0.01) | |
| >3 h | 1.26 (1.08–1.46) | 3 | 0.0 (0.54) | ||||
| Antiplatelet agents | |||||||
| Aspirin | 1.53 (1.30–1.82) | 8 | 41.0 (0.11) | 1.02 (0.75–1.38) | 3 | 68.1 (0.04) | |
| Clopidogrel | 1.25 (0.82–1.91) | 5 | 39.9 (0.16) | 0.81 (0.64–1.02) | 2 | 0.0 (0.46) | |
| Aspirin–clopidogrel | 3.32 (1.75–6.31) | 5 | 76.9 (0.02) | 1.88 (1.18–3.00) | 3 | 56.0 (0.10) | |
| Aspirin–dipyridamole | 1.02 (0.60–1.73) | 5 | 20.7 (0.29) | 0.99 (0.65–1.50) | 2 | 67.4 (0.08) | |
| NOS score | |||||||
| >7 | 1.59 (1.37–1.84) | 12 | 43.1 (0.06) | ||||
| Favorable outcome | Follow‐up time | ||||||
| 3 month | 0.91 (0.85–0.97) | 8 | 0.0 (0.46) | 1.07 (0.83–1.37) | 3 | 46.5 (0.15) | |
| Good outcome definition | |||||||
| mRS scores 0–2 | 0.86 (0.79–0.93) | 8 | 36.0 (0.14) | 1.09 (0.96–1.23) | 4 | 76.2 (0.01) | |
| mRS scores 0–1 | 0.85 (0.81–0.90) | 4 | 13.4 (0.33) | 1.06 (0.92. 1.22) | 2 | 90.4 (0.00) | |
| Onset‐to‐treatment time | |||||||
| 0–3 h | 0.84 (0.67–1.06) | 3 | 34.4 (0.22) | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 2 | 0.0 (0.63) | |
| Antiplatelet agents (mRS 0–2) | |||||||
| Aspirin | 0.85 (0.68–1.05) | 4 | 41.5 (0.16) | 1.11 (1.00–1.24) | 2 | 51.3 (0.15) | |
| Clopidogrel | 0.72 (0.56–0.92) | 2 | 0.0 (0.38) | 1.09 (0.95–1.25) | 2 | 0.0 (0.58) | |
| Aspirin–clopidogrel | 0.81 (0.58–1.11) | 2 | 36.4 (0.21) | 1.04 (0.79–1.36) | 2 | 54.5 (0.14) | |
| Aspirin–dipyridamole | 0.98 (0.56–1.39) | 2 | 62.2 (0.10) | ||||
| Antiplatelet agents (mRS 0–1) | |||||||
| Aspirin | 1.14 (1.06–1.23) | 2 | 0.0 (0.41) | ||||
| Clopidogrel | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) | 2 | 0.0 (0.57) | ||||
| Aspirin–clopidogrel | 1.04 (0.90–1.20) | 2 | 0.0 (0.37) | ||||
| Aspirin–dipyridamole | 0.71 (0.51–1.00) | 2 | 48.8 (0.16) | ||||
| NOS score | |||||||
| >7 | 0.87 (0.79–0.96) | 7 | 47.5 (0.08) | ||||
| Mortality | Follow‐up time | ||||||
| 90 day | 1.54 (1.38–1.73) | 5 | 0.0 (0.60) | 1.06 (0.99–1.15) | 2 | 0.0 (0.71) | |
| Antiplatelet agents | |||||||
| Aspirin | 1.52 (1.34–1.73) | 3 | 0.0 (0.46) | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | 3 | 0.0 (0.98) | |
| Clopidogrel | 1.00 (0.83–1.23) | 2 | 0.0 (0.62) | ||||
| Aspirin–clopidogrel | 2.67 (1.82–3.90) | 2 | 0.0 (0.57) | 1.14 (0.82–1.59) | 3 | 41.1 (0.18) | |
| Aspirin–dipyridamole | 0.93 (0.63–1.38) | 2 | 25.1 (2.48) | ||||
| NOS score | |||||||
| >7 | 1.38 (1.14–1.68) | 4 | 78.2 (0.00) | ||||
OR indicates odds ratio; sICH, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage; sICH, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage; ECASS II, Second European‐Australasian Acute Stroke Study3; NINDS, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt‐PA Stroke Study Group2; SITS‐MOST, Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke‐Monitoring Study4; NOS, Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale; mRS, modified Rankin Scale.