Table 2.
Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for neck/shoulder pain at 52 years
| 16 years
|
34 years
|
52 years
|
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | n | P-value | OR | 95% CI | n | P-value | OR | 95% CI | n | P-value | |
| Posture | – | – | – | – | 0.71 | 0.42–1.21 | 232 | 0.209 | 1.92 | 1.13–3.26 | 298 | 0.015 |
| Psychological demand | – | – | – | – | 0.39 | 0.14–1.08 | 202 | 0.069 | 1.83 | 0.863–3.90 | 209 | 0.114 |
| Control | – | – | – | – | 0.20 | 0.06–0.67 | 203 | 0.009 | 1.59 | 0.67–3.75 | 209 | 0.282 |
| Social support | – | – | – | – | 2.91men | 0.98–8.70 | 118 | 0.004 | 0.74 | 0.41–1.36 | 207 | 0.532 |
| 0.50women | 0.25–0.98 | 94 | 0.042 | |||||||||
| MET (MET-hours per week) | – | – | – | – | 1.06 | 1.00–1.12 | 290 | 0.069 | 1.00 | 0.98–1.02 | 305 | 0.994 |
| Aerobic capacitya | 1.00 | 1.00–1.00 | 230 | 0.230 | 1.02 | 0.97–1.06 | 234 | 0.495 | 0.99 | 0.95–1.03 | 185 | 0.559 |
| Two-hand lift (N) | 1.01 | 0.99–1.04 | 300 | 0.230 | 0.99 | 0.96–1.01 | 230 | 0.279 | 1.00men | 0.98–1.00 | 105 | 0.015 |
| 0.96women | 0.94–0.99 | 93 | 0.036 | |||||||||
| Curl ups (number) | – | – | – | – | 0.98 | 0.96–1.01 | 232 | 0.179 | 1.00 | 0.98–1.01 | 201 | 0.493 |
| Balance (s) | – | – | – | – | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | 234 | 0.883 | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | 208 | 0.299 |
| Lateral flex neck right (°) | – | – | – | – | 0.97 | 0.90–1.05 | 234 | 0.461 | 0.92 | 0.86–0.99 | 207 | 0.018 |
| Lateral flex neck left (°) | – | – | – | – | 0.98 | 0.92–1.04 | 234 | 0.525 | 0.94 | 0.89–1.00 | 207 | 0.063 |
| Neck rotation right (°) | – | – | – | – | 1.01 | 0.96–1.06 | 234 | 0.772 | 0.95 | 0.91–0.99 | 207 | 0.023 |
| Neck rotation left (°) | – | – | – | – | 0.97 | 0.93–1.02 | 234 | 0.224 | 0.96 | 0.93–1.00 | 207 | 0.062 |
| Thoracic spine extension (cm) | – | – | – | – | 1.04 | 0.68–1.58 | 233 | 0.863 | 0.59 | 0.37–0.94 | 207 | 0.026 |
| BMI (body mass index, kg × m−2) | 1.14 | 0.98–1.34 | 307 | 0.100 | 1.20 | 1.04–1.39 | 234 | 0.015 | 1.07 | 0.97–1.19 | 207 | 0.165 |
Notes:
a
In 1974 test results are measured in meters run (m). In 1992 and 2010 test results are evaluated in estimated maximal oxygen uptake (mL × kg−1 × min−1). Bold numbers indicate a significant relationship with neck/shoulder pain (P<0.05). For variables where interaction between sex were found, the results are presented separately for men and women. −, no data.
Abbreviation: MET, metabolic equivalent of task.