Table 4.
Odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for the association between fracture and HR-pQCT bone outcomes at the distal radius in girls and boys. Odds ratios are presented as per one SD decrease in each bone outcome
| Low-energy fracture vs controls
|
Moderate-energy fracture vs controls
|
All cases vs controls
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95 % CI) | p | OR (95 % CI) | p | OR (95 % CI) | p | |
| Girls | ||||||
| FLoad | 4.30 (1.60, 11.52) | 0.004 | 2.06 (0.92, 4.63) | 0.079 | 2.63 (1.33, 5.20) | 0.005 |
| UStress | 3.60 (1.54, 8.39) | 0.003 | 1.52 (0.84, 2.77) | 0.166 | 2.10 (1.23, 3.59) | 0.006 |
| Fall loada | 0.23 (0.09, 0.61) | 0.003 | 0.45 (0.17, 1.21) | 0.113 | 0.34 (0.16, 0.70) | 0.003 |
| Load-to-strength ratio | 0.36 (0.16, 0.80) | 0.012 | 0.64 (0.35, 1.16) | 0.139 | 0.51 (0.30, 0.88) | 0.015 |
| Tt.Ar | 0.52 (0.22, 1.21) | 0.128 | 1.30 (0.60, 2.84) | 0.506 | 0.76 (0.40, 1.43) | 0.394 |
| Tt.BMD | 3.61 (1.54, 8.49) | 0.003 | 1.63 (0.88, 3.00) | 0.120 | 2.18 (1.27, 3.75) | 0.005 |
| BV/TV | 1.96 (1.02, 3.75) | 0.042 | 1.45 (0.85, 2.48) | 0.173 | 1.67 (1.05, 2.66) | 0.031 |
| Tb.Th | 2.41 (1.15, 5.07) | 0.020 | 1.63 (0.88, 3.01) | 0.122 | 1.88 (1.13, 3.13) | 0.015 |
| Tb.Sp | 0.96 (0.53, 1.73) | 0.896 | 0.79 (0.48, 1.29) | 0.349 | 0.87 (0.56, 1.34) | 0.522 |
| Tb.N | 0.95 (0.53, 1.71) | 0.862 | 1.22 (0.74, 2.03) | 0.439 | 1.08 (0.68, 1.69) | 0.755 |
| Ct.BMD | 4.10 (1.64, 10.27) | 0.003 | 1.37 (0.72, 2.62) | 0.336 | 2.12 (1.19, 3.75) | 0.010 |
| Ct.Th | 7.04 (2.20, 22.48) | 0.001 | 1.83 (0.85, 3.95) | 0.121 | 2.77 (1.43, 5.35) | 0.002 |
| Ct.Po | 1.56 (0.85, 2.89) | 0.153 | 1.25 (0.74, 2.11) | 0.412 | 1.34 (0.85, 2.10) | 0.208 |
| Boys | ||||||
| FLoad | 1.76 (0.96, 3.20) | 0.066 | 1.38 (0.90, 2.12) | 0.144 | 1.34 (0.92, 1.95) | 0.128 |
| UStress | 1.62 (0.95, 2.76) | 0.077 | 1.08 (0.75, 1.57) | 0.666 | 1.15 (0.82, 1.60) | 0.425 |
| Fall loada | 0.82 (0.44, 1.53) | 0.532 | 1.03 (0.61, 1.73) | 0.912 | 0.97 (0.62, 1.54) | 0.913 |
| Load-to-strength ratio | 0.83 (0.53, 1.31) | 0.431 | 0.88 (0.59, 1.33) | 0.548 | 0.85 (0.60, 1.22) | 0.385 |
| Tt.Ar | 0.84 (0.47, 1.50) | 0.564 | 1.31 (0.84, 2.05) | 0.238 | 1.17 (0.78, 1.74) | 0.442 |
| Tt.BMD | 1.81 (1.02, 3.22) | 0.044 | 1.12 (0.77, 1.63) | 0.543 | 1.18 (0.84, 1.66) | 0.350 |
| BV/TV | 1.49 (0.88, 2.50) | 0.134 | 1.26 (0.86, 1.84) | 0.236 | 1.22 (0.87, 1.72) | 0.241 |
| Tb.Th | 1.52 (0.89, 2.57) | 0.123 | 1.40 (0.92, 2.13) | 0.116 | 1.36 (0.94, 1.97) | 0.100 |
| Tb.Sp | 0.92 (0.55, 1.53) | 0.746 | 0.96 (0.67, 1.37) | 0.814 | 0.98 (0.71, 1.36) | 0.913 |
| Tb.N | 1.03 (0.62, 1.70) | 0.923 | 0.99 (0.69, 1.42) | 0.969 | 0.97 (0.70, 1.34) | 0.843 |
| Ct.BMD | 1.50 (0.88, 2.56) | 0.134 | 0.94 (0.66, 1.32) | 0.706 | 1.02 (0.74, 1.41) | 0.900 |
| Ct.Th | 1.82 (0.98, 3.36) | 0.058 | 1.10 (0.75, 1.61) | 0.626 | 1.18 (0.83, 1.68) | 0.350 |
| Ct.Po | 0.97 (0.60, 1.55) | 0.884 | 1.69 (1.08, 2.64) | 0.023 | 1.35 (0.94, 1.95) | 0.108 |
Girls: n=107; controls n=60, low-energy fracture cases n=22, moderate-energy fracture cases n=25; boys: n=158; controls n=70, low-energy fracture cases n=29, moderate-energy fracture cases n=59. Covariate odds ratio (OR) reported for one SD decrease
CI confidence interval, FLoad failure load, UStress ultimate stress, fall load estimated fall load, Tt.Ar total bone area, Tt.BMD total bone mineral density, BV/TV bone volume fraction, Tb.Th trabecular thickness, Tb.Sp trabecular separation, Tb.n trabecular number, Ct.BMD cortical BMD, Ct.Th cortical thickness, Ct.Po cortical porosity
Fall load not adjusted for height