Figure 3. Incorporation of different amounts of DGS-NTA(Ni) into the liposomes to increase JRFL trimer density on the liposomal surface.

Negative stain EM images of DGS-NTA(Ni) liposomes made with 1%, 2% and 4% DGS-NTA(Ni) and conjugated with either JRFL NFL or JRFL SOSIP trimers. All images are at 18,000 × magnification. Scale bar = 100 nm. (B) Representative negative stain image of 4% JRFL SOSIP-conjugated liposomes with a counting grid (red lines) to manually determine the approximate number of trimers visible in half the area of the trimer-liposome image. (C) Measurement of distances (nm) between selected trimers as demarked by blue bars, center to center. Numbers indicate the distance between the two adjacent trimers. (D) Zoomed image of the white square area from panel C. See also Figure S2.