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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Neurol. 2015 Dec 2;285(Pt B):136–146. doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.12.001

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Cartoon illustrating various urodynamic parameters measured during bladder cystometry. In both naïve (A) and complete SCI (B) rats, the voiding amplitudes of intravesical pressure (VA) are always calculated from the peak of voiding onset to the baseline of bladder activity. The voiding intervals (VI) are defined as the time duration between two continuous voiding onsets. Compared to the voiding behavior in naïve rats (A), spinal bladder reflex in SCI rats (B) displays greater amplitudes of voiding pressure and more variable voiding patterns, based on the extent of spontaneous bladder reflex recovery. Notably, non-voiding bladder contractions (#) often occur only in rats with SCI and not in naïve rats.