Table 2.

Indications for Antiviral Treatment in Chronic Hepatitis B According to Regional Guidelines

Patient Groups	When Antiviral Treatment Is Indicated
HBeAg positive	Increased HBV DNAa Increased ALTb Liver biopsy shows significant necroinflammation and/or fibrosis
HBeAg negative	Increased HBV DNAc Increased ALTb Liver biopsy shows significant necroinflammation and/or fibrosis
Cirrhosis	Increased HBV DNAd
Decompensation	Treat
On immunosuppressants	If already fulfills the criteria above, treat accordingly If the patient does not otherwise require antiviral therapy, consider risk of reactivation based on the type of immunosuppressants

Abbreviations: ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HBeAg, hepatitis B e antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus.

^a American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) and Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL): ≥20 000 IU/mL; European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL): >2000 IU/mL.

^b AASLD and APASL: ≥2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN); EASL: greater than the ULN.

^c AASLD: ≥20 000 IU/mL; APASL and EASL: ≥2000 IU/mL.

^d AASLD and APASL: ≥2000 IU/mL; EASL: detectable.