Table 2.
Baseline clinical characteristics of the study patients
| MR (n = 15) | AVD (n = 7) | NC (n = 3) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 57 ± 9 | 60 ± 11 | 0.458 | |
| Male (%) | 6 (40.0 %) | 6 (85.7 %) | 0.059 | |
| Smoking (%) | 2 (13.3 %) | 1 (14.3 %) | 0.705 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.5 ± 2.3 | 24.2 ± 3.3 | 0.259 | |
| Hypertension (%) | 7 (46.7 %) | 4 (57.1 %) | 0.500 | |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 2 (13.3 %) | 1 (14.3 %) | 0.705 | |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 6 (40.0 %) | 2 (28.6 %) | 0.490 | |
| NYHA | 0.506 | |||
| Functional class I (%) | 2 (13.3 %) | 1 (14.3 %) | ||
| Functional class II (%) | 7 (46.7 %) | 3 (42.9 %) | ||
| Functional class III (%) | 6 (40.0 %) | 2 (28.6 %) | ||
| Functional class IV (%) | 0 (0.0 %) | 1 (14.3 %) | ||
| Aortic valve disease (%) | 0 (0.0 %) | 7 (100.0 %) | <0.001 | |
| Tricuspid regurgitation (%) | 7 (46.7 %) | 1 (14.3 %) | 0.161 | |
| β-blockers (%) | 5 (33.3 %) | 0 (0.0 %) | 0.114 | |
| Calcium channel blockers (%) | 6 (40.0 %) | 3 (42.9 %) | 0.628 | |
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (%) | 12 (80.0 %) | 3 (42.9 %) | 0.107 | |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 0.9 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.139 | |
| White blood cell count (103/uL) | 6.3 ± 1.5 | 5.6 ± 1.8 | 0.289 | |
| Left atrial diameter (mm) | 45.5 ± 6.0 | 38.9 ± 5.8 | 0.028 | |
| Left atrial maximal volume (mL) | 87.3 ± 42.6 | 42.5 ± 25.6 | 0.032 | |
| Left atrial ejection fraction (%) | 49.7 ± 11.9 | 45.6 ± 18.7 | 0.654 | |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (mm) | 58.2 ± 7.3 | 59.9 ± 12.7 | 0.397 | |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 67.3 ± 11.5 | 61.6 ± 12.9 | 0.340 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or number (percentage)
AVD aortic valve disease, MR mitral regurgitation, NC purchased normal controls, NYHA New York Heart Association, P value MR vs. AVD