Table 1.

Normative data for the upper limb examination.

Target muscle	Method	CML	PML	CMCT	References
First dorsal interossus	Cervical MS	20.6–21.2 ± 1.8*	14.0–14.9 ± 1.4*	5.8–6.5 ± 1.1*	Kloten et al. (1992)
	Cervical MS	No data	13.2 ± 1.5	No data	Britton et al. (1990)
	F-wave method	No data	14.5 ±1.4	No data	Britton et al. (1990)
Abductor digiti minimi	Cervical MS	18.8 ±1.2 (f)	11.8 ± 1.0	7.0 ± 0.8	Chu (1989)
	Cervical MS	19.7 ± 1.0 (m)	12.7 ± 1.1	7.1 ± 1.1	Chu (1989))
	Cervical MS		14.0 ± 1.5	6.0 ± 0.9	Claus (1990)
	Cervical MS	20.5 ±1.2		7.0 ± 0.9	Furby et al. (1992) (21–54 years)
	F-wave method			6.1 ± 1.0	Furby et al. (1992) (21–54 years)
	F-wave method			7.2 ± 1.2	Cicinelli et al. (1997a)
	F-wave method			5.8 ± 0.8	Claus (1990)
Abductor pollicis brevis	Cervical MS	21.8 ± 1.8	14.4 ± 1.4	7.2 ± 1.8	Tabaraud et al. (1989)
	Cervical MS	21.4 ±1.5	14.8 ± 1.2	6.6 ±1.4	Ludolph et al. (1989)
	Cervical MS	20.2 ±1.6		7.9 ± 2.1	Eisen and Shtybel (1990)
	F-wave method			5.66 + 0.84	Rossini et al. (1992) (16–35 years)
	F-wave method			5.45 + 0.72	Rossini et al. (1992) (51–86 years)
Biceps brachii	Cervical MS	10.8–11.4 ± 1.3*	6.3–6.8 ± 1.1*	4.5–4.6 ± 1.0*	Kloten et al. (1992)
	Cervical MS	12.5 ± 1.2		7.1 ± 1.1	Furby et al. (1992) (21–54 years)
	Cervical MS	9.4 ± 1.7		6.0 ±1.2	Eisen and Shtybel (1990)

Cervical MS – cervical foraminal magnetic stimulation; CML – Corticomotor latency; PML – Peripheral motor latency; CMCT – Central motor conduction time.

^*Increase with age (age range: 19–60 years; (f) females; (m) males).