Extended Data Figure 3. Archiving of bacterial diversity and novelty through anaerobic culturing.

a, b, Representative species from 21 of the 25 most abundant bacterial genera (a) and 23 of the 24 most abundant species (b) were isolated and archived (abundance was determined by metagenomic sequencing and based on average relative abundance across the six donors (n = 6)). This represents 96% of the average relative abundance at the genus level and 90% of the average relative abundance at the species level across the six donors. A red dot in a indicates the number of species archived from each genus. Lachnospiraceae incertae sedis, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, Clostridium IV and Clostridium XI are not strict genera and represent currently unclassified species. Odoribacter splanchnicus in b was the only species not archived. c, Lowly represented intestinal microbiota members were also cultured. At least one representative species from each of the genera presented were cultured. Median and range is presented for the above with taxa ranked by median value. d, The number of bacterial species cultured in this study. At least 40% from each category were previously unknown.