Figure 2. Physalin A induces apoptosis in human NSCLC cell lines.

(A) H292, H358 and H1975 cells (1 × 10⁵ cells/well) were treated with various concentrations of physalin A (PA) for 24 h, labeled with Annexin V-FITC/PI, and submitted to flow cytometric analysis. Numbers in the selected region represent the percentage of cells with the indicated fluorescence range in the total population. (B) H292 cells were treated with the indicated concentration of physalin A for 24 h, and H358 and H1975 cells were treated with 15 μM physalin A for 24 h. The expression of the apoptotic markers, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3 and PARP, in addition to total Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 was determined by Western blot analysis. β-actin was used as a loading control. ^*,†,‡p < 0.05, significantly different from the *control, ^†5 μM physalin A-treated cells, and ^‡10 μM physalin A-treated cells.