Table 2.
Daily stress constructs as predictors of heart rate variability
| B (SE) for In-transformed heart rate variability outcomes |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | N | SDRR (ms) | RMSSD (ms) | HF-HRV (ms2) |
| Step 1: Covariates (entered simultaneously) | ||||
| Intercept | 909 | 3.534 (0.052)*** | 3.147 (0.072)*** | 5.403 (0.143)*** |
| Age | −0.010 (0.002)*** | −0.010 (0.002)*** | −0.027 (0.004)*** | |
| Gender (Ref: Male) | 0.081 (0.030)** | 0.023 (0.042) | −0.060 (0.083) | |
| White race (vs. Non-white) | −0.090 (0.040)* | −0.269 (0.055)*** | −0.607 (0.110)*** | |
| Household income quintile | −0.001 (0.011) | −0.018 (0.015) | −0.029 (0.031) | |
| Body mass index | −0.005 (0.002)* | −0.005 (0.003) | −0.008 (0.007) | |
| Number of comorbid conditions | −0.012 (0.006)* | −0.011 (0.008) | −0.020 (0.016) | |
| Cholesterol medication | −0.082 (0.036)* | −0.089 (0.050)† | −0.185 (0.099)† | |
| Corticosteroid medication | −0.158 (0.075)* | −0.233 (0.103)* | −0.450 (0.205)* | |
| Blood pressure medication | −0.034 (0.037) | 0.094 (0.050)† | 0.180 (0.100)† | |
| Physical activity | 0.004 (0.036) | −0.001 (0.049) | 0.0645 (0.098) | |
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current smoker | 0.064 (0.046) | 0.148 (0.063)* | 0.282 (0.125)* | |
| Past smoker | −0.035 (0.033) | −0.026 (0.046) | −0.073 (0.091) | |
| Never smoked | Reference | Reference | Reference | |
| Time interval between assessments | 0.001 (0.001) | 0.001 (0.001) | 0.003 (0.002) | |
| Step 1 R2 | 909 | 0.148 | 0.098 | 0.139 |
| Step 1 R2 | 846 | 0.151 | 0.097 | 0.134 |
| Step 1 R2 | 807 | 0.147 | 0.090 | 0.124 |
| Step 2: Daily stress predictors (separate models for each predictor) | ||||
| Daily negative affect | 909 | −0.070 (0.057) | −0.157 (0.078)* | −0.354 (0.155)* |
| Step 2 R2 | 0.149 | 0.102 | 0.144 | |
| Stressor frequency (% stressor days) | 909 | 0.031 (0.058) | −0.054 (0.080) | −0.143 (0.159) |
| Step 2 R2 | 0.146 | 0.098 | 0.140 | |
| Stressor severity | 846 | −0.051 (0.024)* | −0.080 (0.033)* | −0.164 (0.067)* |
| Step 2 R2 | 0.155 | 0.103 | 0.140 | |
| Affective reactivity | 807 | −0.279 (0.136)* | −0.439 (0.187)* | −0.958 (0.371)** |
| Step 2 R2 | 0.152 | 0.096 | 0.152 | |
Note. R2 differs based on the sample size. The sample sizes correspond to analyses for daily negative affect and stressor frequency (N = 909), stressor severity (n = 846), and affective reactivity (n = 807).
***
p ≤ 0.001,
**
p ≤ 0.01,
*
p ≤ 0.05,
†
p ≤ 0.10